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--- tags: 災害 --- # 危險度與脆弱度評估 20160618 簡報:[https://goo.gl/cJUiMH](https://goo.gl/cJUiMH) > 請問有在用Slack嗎? 想提供chewei您一些資訊 > [name=Leo C] ## 蒐集國內外科研結果 ### 國內 - 《大臺北地區大規模地震衝擊情境之災害潛勢與建物人員災損分析》 - 國家災害防救科技中心 中華民國 103 年 02 月 - 報告:[http://digitaiwan.com/docs/References/20140200.pdf](http://digitaiwan.com/docs/References/20140200.pdf) - 報告截圖:[https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.701329386674027.1073741835.568537349953232&type=3](https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.701329386674027.1073741835.568537349953232&type=3) - ![](https://g0vhackmd.blob.core.windows.net/g0v-hackmd-images/upload_230b4a8d10ccc9259f46a66bf21d10e8) ### 國際 - 東京都綜合危險度分析 - 網站:[http://www.toshiseibi.metro.tokyo.jp/bosai/chousa_6/home.htm](http://www.toshiseibi.metro.tokyo.jp/bosai/chousa_6/home.htm) - 說明:很簡單扼要的從 (1) 建築物倒塌 (2) 火災發生與延燒 (3) 避難困難;三種面向開展與綜合評估的都市危險度分析,且由都市整備局進行此危險度分析,所以相關探討成果也會融入都市改建、街區整備的實質政策中。 - 東京都世田谷區太子堂二、三丁目環境改造計畫 - [https://abcd.hackpad.com/RNxD9iahSj6](https://abcd.hackpad.com/RNxD9iahSj6) - 東京都犯罪地圖(GIS) - [http://www2.wagmap.jp/jouhomap/](http://www2.wagmap.jp/jouhomap/) - 紐奧良市火災風險地圖 - [http://citypatterns.blogspot.tw/2015/09/nolalytics-reproducible-r-code.html](http://citypatterns.blogspot.tw/2015/09/nolalytics-reproducible-r-code.html) ## 如何推估? ### 台北市相對應的公開圖資狀況 ==地震與土砂災害== - 建築資料 / 黑心建商地圖:[https://g0v.hackpad.com/fs4ojVnb1tX](https://g0v.hackpad.com/fs4ojVnb1tX) - 公共設施與關鍵設施災害脆弱度評估與風險管理:[http://goo.gl/os9Y4A](http://goo.gl/os9Y4A) - 山坡地與老舊聚落:[http://163.29.36.178/Sora/](http://163.29.36.178/Sora/) - 全國山坡地住宅社區列管名單:[https://g0v.hackpad.com/vPVD4quuLyf](https://g0v.hackpad.com/vPVD4quuLyf) - 土石潛勢溪流:[http://246.swcb.gov.tw/](http://246.swcb.gov.tw/) - 土壤液化潛勢:[http://map.tgos.tw/TGOSimpleViewer2/Web/Map/TGOSimpleViewer_Map.aspx](http://map.tgos.tw/TGOSimpleViewer2/Web/Map/TGOSimpleViewer_Map.aspx) - NCDR 災害潛勢地圖:[http://satis.ncdr.nat.gov.tw/Dmap/gis/default.aspx](http://satis.ncdr.nat.gov.tw/Dmap/gis/default.aspx) - TELES 地震損失評估系統:[http://teles.ncree.org.tw/](http://teles.ncree.org.tw/) ==降雨== - 積水 / 淹水潛勢:[http://fhy.wra.gov.tw/Pub\_Web\_2011/Page/Frame_MenuLeft.aspx?sid=27](http://fhy.wra.gov.tw/Pub_Web_2011/Page/Frame_MenuLeft.aspx?sid=27) - 歷史易發生積淹水地區:[http://heo.gov.taipei/ct.asp?xItem=71739&ctNode=7321&mp=106031](http://heo.gov.taipei/ct.asp?xItem=71739&ctNode=7321&mp=106031) ==海平面上升== - 海平面上升受衝擊地區:? ==氣候變遷情境影響== - 氣候變遷之災害衝擊,全台風險地圖:[http://dmip.tw/Lthree/home.aspx](http://dmip.tw/Lthree/home.aspx) ==火災== - 火災潛勢:? - 歷年火災場所或業種地點分析:? - 地震後延燒:? - 危險物品或易燃物倉儲:? - 管線氣爆:? - 臺北市消防通道與火災搶救困難地區:[https://g0v.hackpad.com/bzwYsK73YCp](https://g0v.hackpad.com/bzwYsK73YCp) ==公害與健康類== - 空污潛勢: - 臺北市空氣污染防制計畫書:[http://goo.gl/XgwzG0](http://goo.gl/XgwzG0) - 河川污染指數: - 全國環境水質監測資訊網:[http://wq.epa.gov.tw/Code/Default.aspx?Water=River](http://wq.epa.gov.tw/Code/Default.aspx?Water=River) - 土壤與地下水污染: - 環保署:[http://sgw.epa.gov.tw/public/ContaminatedSitesMap/Default.aspx](http://sgw.epa.gov.tw/public/ContaminatedSitesMap/Default.aspx) - 健康風險: - 台灣地區環境風險地圖建置規劃計畫:[http://goo.gl/MvT5X9](http://goo.gl/MvT5X9) - 公害陳情: - 居家環境品質查詢:[http://ww3.epa.gov.tw/gis/CaseHomeGis.aspx](http://ww3.epa.gov.tw/gis/CaseHomeGis.aspx) ==人為犯罪== - 各類竊盜歷史地點:[http://data.taipei/](http://data.taipei/) - 臺北市易發生婦幼被害犯罪地點:[http://data.taipei/](http://data.taipei/) ### 如何評估? - 危險度評估模式建構 - [http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/bitstream/140.119/35917/8/57013108.pdf](http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/bitstream/140.119/35917/8/57013108.pdf) - 多向度、多種類的危險範疇與作用機制,是否需要整合成一種「綜合危險度」? - 不過,若是綜整之後,是否會失去「危險本身」的各種成因機制與多元性? > 以前有個脆弱度分析,有點類似這個概念 > [name=Richard H] - 氣候變遷風險圖之定義:此研究採用之風險定義為 Risk(風險)=Hazard(危害度)×Vulnerability(脆弱度) - [http://dmip.tw/Lthree/home.aspx](http://dmip.tw/Lthree/home.aspx) - 風險:氣候變遷衝擊對自然系統與人類社會經濟系統造成的可能損害程度。 - 危害度:主要考量氣候變遷導致之氣候特性變化衝擊,如極端降雨、颱風事件、少雨等因素,主要考量降雨因素造成之自然危害。 - 脆弱度:定義系統面臨氣候變遷危害所造成的衝擊,考量環境脆弱度與社經脆弱度,以災害潛勢表示環境脆弱度;社經脆弱度則以人口、社經發展與產值等表示。 - 全台構造發生地震機率,以及地表振動強度機率分布圖 - [https://www.facebook.com/quakeledge/posts/1313307662102090](https://www.facebook.com/quakeledge/posts/1313307662102090) - 第一張的振動機率,是未來該地區發生震度達五級、六級以上的機率的情況,它是已經考量我們能掌握的所有地震源考慮下計算出來的。此地震源為(1)孕震構造、(2)區域地震(與已知孕震構造無關的地殼背景地震)、(3)隱沒帶地震。 - 第二張的「未來五十年斷層發生機率」,則是各「孕震構造」可能發生的「最大地震規模」和發生那個規模地震的機率。 - 由921大地震經驗建立建物震害危險度評估模式及都市防災系統 - 摘要:https://www.ncree.org/GetFile.ashx?id=10000779 - 說明:本研究由震害危險度評估及都市防災相關研究,探討建物災害原因與都市防災體系。依921災害調查報告之竹山鎮資料,選擇建物毀損程度相關因子,共有與最近水系距離、土壤厚度、建物構造類別、樓層數、建造年代、使用用途、平面形狀、底層挑高及屋頂加蓋等九大評估因子,然後以羅吉特迴歸分析,建立評估模式;再而應用於台南市東區部分地區,其原因乃二地皆於距離斷層二公里內及建物型態相似之相同特性,求出可能受損建物分佈及戶數,依其可能受害人數擬定都市避難據點、醫療、警察、消防、物資及救災避難道路等都市防災系統。

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