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# 副立法委員制度發想 自從 2004 年起立委減半後,台灣的立委人數從 225 席降至 113 席,因此帶來了一些問題: - 人數只夠組成 8 個委員會,造成立委需要審議或質詢的法案範圍過廣,例如外交與國防,社福與衛環等,造成審議品質較差 - 缺少多樣性,大部份都是政治專業,而缺少特定領域專業人才,也因此只有大黨可以進入國會,小黨聲音難以進去 - 平均每個立委需要服務的人民數在民主國家中偏高,造成難以反應民意 但因為立委席次已經寫在憲法增修條文中,而修憲門檻過高已難以改變,因此這問題難以透過修憲解決,因此想思考是否有辦法在不修憲的前提下增加立委人數 關於這問題,目前想到一個解方,可能只需要修「立法院職權行使法」和「公職人員選舉罷免法」,就是增加「副立法委員」 ## 具體作法 - 增設「副立法委員」的角色,規定參選立法委員必須指定「副立法委員」,並且需要共同組合參選(如總統和副總統) - 如同副總統,副立法委員一樣不能在選後更換,副立委若辭職或卸任就變成缺額不重選 - 在立法院院會投票或是行使任何憲法需要計算立委席次的場合,仍以 113席「立法委員」決定為主 - 「副立法委員」可以在「立法委員」的同意下在特定期間代理立法委員行使權利 - 立法委員和副立法委員可以加入不同委員會,因此可以有 226 名委員分散在不同委員會,因此可以提升委員會數量加強專業性 ## 優點 - 增加更多從政人數,讓各黨可以透過副立法委員培育政治人才 - 增加更多專業人士進入立法院,可增加更多委員會,讓立法院可以更專業審查 - 立法委員有事時,副立法委員可以成為代理人,可增加院會出席率 - 小黨的人可以兩人組隊合力參選增加支持度 ## 缺點 - 不改變單一選區兩票制的前提下,小黨可能仍難以參政(但小黨人才可能有機會與人組隊成為副立法委員) - 選區結構未改變,部份躺著上選區可能正副委員仍都走極端路線 - 如果遇到正委員和副委員意見不一致,可能會造成意見混亂 ## 待思考 - 不分區也是一樣的規則嗎? - 院長、副院長人選的副立法委員要做什麼? - 這樣的制度會違憲嗎?可以不修憲就做到嗎?

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