---
tags: 模擬亞洲人權法院(AHRCS)
---
# 模擬亞洲人權法院組織法（英翻中）

## Statute of Asian Human Rights Court Simulation
## 模擬亞洲人權法院組織法

### Confirmed by the Founder of AHRCS on 22/11/2018
### 2018年11月22日經AHRCS創辦人確認
We, as individuals concerned with human rights protection in Asia, hereby resolve to establish an independent court of the peoples, by the peoples and for the peoples of Asia, to promote human rights protection and deliver judgements to Asian governments, and proclaim the foundation of the Asian Human Rights Court Simulation on 7 October 2018.
吾等關心亞洲人權保護之個人，在此決定成立民有、民治、民享之獨立法院，以促進人權保護、向亞洲政府提供判決，並於2018年10月7日宣布創辦模擬亞洲人權法院。

### Article 1. Definition
### 第1條 定義
For the purposes of this Statute, unless the context otherwise requires:
除其他情形下另有規定外，本法中
1. the expression “Plenary Court” means the Court sitting in plenary session.
「大法庭」係指所有法官共同出席審理之法庭。

3. the term “Chamber” means a Chamber of 7 judges who preside a specific case together.
「合議庭」係指七位法官共同審理個案之法庭。

5. the term “Court” means either the Plenary Court, or a Chamber.
「法庭」係指大法庭或合議庭。

### Article 2. Composition of the Court
### 第2條 法庭之組成
1. The Court shall consist of up to 21 judges, and 7 of them form the initial Chamber to preside over the first case, serving as individuals, nominated from among recognised experts in the field of human rights and confirmed by the Founders of the Court.
法庭應由21名以下之法官組成，並由其中7名組成初始合議庭審理第一個案
件。（七名？二十一名？）法官之選任應由在人權領域卓有貢獻之專家提名，並由法院發起人同意任命。
> 從概念上看起來應是21名。不然21名法官當中只有7名由人權專家提名，其他人選應該怎麼產生就沒交代了。[name=howie]
（七名？二十一名？）
2. After the confirmation under paragraph 1, all the judges shall organize the Plenary Court to work independently to adjust or update its composition when it is considered necessary or appropriate.
經本條第一款任命之所有法官組成大法庭，大法庭獨立行使其職權，必要時得調整其組成。

3. The Plenary Court shall decide the term of judges and the rotation mechanism of judges in presiding cases no later than the release of the first case judgement. All of the 7 judges who presided in the first case shall remain in their office after judges’ term decided, unless they decide otherwise separately.
大法庭應在第一個判決做成前決定法官任期及輪替機制。參與第一個判決之初始合議庭的七名法官在任期決定後應繼續留任，除非各法官決定不留任。

### Article 3. Resignation and Dismissal
1. Any judge who wishes to resign from office shall notify the President of the Court of his or her intention, in writing.
法官如欲辭去職務，應以書面通知法庭主席。

2. No judge may be dismissed from office unless the other judges, meeting in a plenary session, decide by a vote of at least one-half of all elected judges that he or she has ceased to qualify as a judge or is no longer able to carry on his or her functions as a Judge. Before deciding on a judge’s dismissal, the judge concerned shall have the right to be heard by the Plenary Court.
非經大法庭半數選任法官以不適任之理由，不得免除法官之任命。在做成免除任命之決定前，受影響之法官有接受大法庭審理之權利。

4. Any judge may set in motion the process for the dismissal of another judge from office after notifying the President.
免任法官之程序在任一法官通知法庭主席後啟動。

### Article 4. Election of the President/ Vice-President of the Court
法庭主席、副主席之選舉。
1. The member of the Chamber presiding a case shall elect its President and Vice-President of the Chamber.
合議庭之主席、副主席由合議庭之成員選任之。

3. The President and Vice-President of the Chamber shall be the President and Vice-President of the Court until the Chamber presiding the next case has been organized.
合議庭之主席、副主席在下一個案件的合議庭組成前應續任主席、副主席。

5. The President of the Court shall direct the work and administration of the Court and represent the Court.
法庭主席應主持法庭之工作與行政、並對行政、並對外代表法庭。

7. The Vice-President of the Court shall assist the President of the Court. The Vice-President shall take the place of the President if the latter is unable/inappropriate to carry out his or her duties or the office of President is vacant, or at the request of the President.
法庭之副主席襄助法庭主席之工作。在法庭主席無法視事、法庭主席缺位、或經法庭主席之要求，副主席應代行主席之職務。

### Article 5. Case Application
案件受理
The Court may receive applications from any person, non-governmental organisation or group of individuals claiming to be the victim/s of a human right(s) violation by any government in Asia.
法院得因任何主張人權受任何亞洲政府侵害之個人、非政府組織或團體之請求，受理案件。

### Article 6. Admissibility Criteria
受理條件
1. The Court may exercise its jurisdiction in any matter after all domestic remedies have been exhausted, according to the generally recognised rules of international law. If the matter before the court is de facto or de jure impossible to be settled by way of any domestic remedy, such a matter may, by special permission of the Court, be admissible. The ‘domestic remedies’ referred to herein includes the conclusion of investigation(s) without any possibility of review, appeal or objection.
法庭在案件已窮盡內國法之程序時，得依據國際法之規範行使其管轄權。當案件事實上或法律上無法有內國法之救濟時，法庭得允許受理個案。內國法之救濟包含無上訴程序之調查。

3. The Court shall declare inadmissible any application :
(a) it considers to be incompatible with paragraph 1; or is manifestly ill-founded; or an abuse of the process of the Court; or
(b) if the applicant has not suffered a significant disadvantage, and the Court think rejection is appropriate.
在下述情形法庭得拒絕受理案件：
(a)當法庭認為案件不符合第一款、或當案件主張顯無理由、或有濫用法院程序之情況
(b)當申請人並無嚴重之損害，且當法庭認為拒絕受理之決定為適當

3. The Court shall reject any application which it considers inadmissible at any stage of the proceedings.
法庭在任何程序進行的階段皆可做成拒絕受理之決定

### Article 7. Interim measures
暫時措施
1. The Court may, at the request of a party or of any other person, group of people, tribe, or organization concerned, or its own motion, indicate to the parties any interim measure it considers appropriate to be adopted in the parties’ interest or in the interest of the proper conduct of proceedings.
法庭可以主動、或在任何個人、團體、部落、或組織的要求下，向當事人指示法庭認為在為當事人之利益或為程序之進行有利的暫時措施。

3. The Court may require the parties to provide the Court information on any matter connected with the implementation of any interim measure.
法庭可以要求當事人向法庭提供任何有關執行暫時性措施的資訊。

### Article 8. Joinder and simultaneous examination of applications
### 第8條 合併審理

The Court may, either at the request of the parties or by its own motion, order the joinder of two or more applications.
法庭可主動或在當事人要求下，合併審理兩個以上的案件。

### Article 9. Third-party intervention
### 第9條 第三方介入
1. When notice of an application lodged under Article 4 is given to the Respondent, a copy of the application shall at the same time be uploaded onto the Court’s website so that any Asian state – one of whose nationals is an applicant in the case – shall have the right to submit written comments and to take part in hearings.
當第四條之申請書通知寄達被告時，申請書之副本應上傳至本法院網站，申請人國籍所在之任一亞洲國家均有提供書面回應並參與判決之權利。

2. Once notice of an application has been given to the Respondent, the President of the Chamber may, in the interests of the proper administration of justice, invite, or grant leave to, any State which is not a party to the proceedings, or any person, group of people, tribe or organization concerned who is not the applicant, to submit written comments or to take part in a hearing.
當申請書之通知寄達被告時，合議庭之主席得為合理作成判決之考慮，邀請或准許任何非當事者之國家，或非申請人之個人、團體、部落或組織，提供書面意見或參與審理。

3. Any invitation or grant under paragraph 2 shall be subject to any conditions, including time-limits, set by the President of the Chamber. Where such conditions are not complied with, the President may decide not to include the comments in the case file or to limit participation in the hearing to the extent that he or she considers appropriate.
依第二款所作成之邀請或決定可附帶任何條件，包括合議庭主席可設定時間限制。當該條件未被滿足時，主席可決定不將該等意見納入案件資料，或在主席認為合宜之程度下限制案件審理之參與。

### Article 10. Public hearings and access to documents
### 第10條 公開審理及文件取得
1. Hearings shall be in public and broadcast live on the internet.
案件審理應公開進行，並於網路即時轉播。
3. Documents deposited with the Court shall be accessible to the public unless the President of the Court considers otherwise.
除非院長另有考量，存放於本法院之文件應開放予大眾取得。

### Article 11. Just satisfaction
### 第11條 [正當適足??]
Where the Court finds a human rights violation, and if the Respondent’s domestic law allows only partial reparation to be made, the Court shall, if necessary, afford just satisfaction to the injured party.
經本法院裁定為侵害人權之案件，如被告之國內法僅允許部分補償，則本法院得於必要時提供受侵害方正當適足之補償。

### Article 12. Judgement
### 第12條 裁判
Judgements of Chamber of the Court shall be final.
本法院受命庭之裁判爲確定終局裁判。

### Article 13. Rules of the Court
### 第13條 法庭規則
1. When considering a case before it, the Chamber may adapt and amend the Rules of the Court if necessary.
合議庭審理案件得於必要時調整、修改法庭規則。
3. Except the regulation of Article 2, 3 and 14, the Rule of the Court may provide any supplementary provisions to the Statute when the Chamber think it’s necessary or appropriate, but it shall not be inconsistent with the Statute.
除第2條、第3條及第14條規定外，合議庭於必要或適當時得依法庭規則針對本法提出補充條文，惟不得違背本法意旨。
5. In the situation of paragraph 1, which will affect the case the Chamber presiding, both parties shall be informed of any proposals by the Chamber to amend the Rules of the Court which directly concern the conduct of proceedings before it and invite them to submit written comments on such proposals.
第1項規定之情形如影響合議庭審理之案件，受命庭應將調整、修改法庭規則而直接影響該案訴訟程序之提案提供予訴訟雙方，並邀請雙方就該等提案提交書面評論意見。

### Article 14. Entry into force of the Statute
### 第14條 生效
1. The Statute shall enter into force upon adoption by the Founders of the court.
本法經本法院創辦人通過後生效。
2. Any amendment of the Statute may be made upon a motion made after notice where such a motion is carried at the next session of the plenary Court by a majority of the judges in a Chamber which is presiding a case.
倘審理案件之受命庭中多數法官，於次回大法庭開庭時同意修正本法之動議，本法得經通知後依該動議修正。