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tags: hackpad
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# [舊的] 什麼是「開放」？

## 更新內容請至新的網址

:::danger
若要編輯內容，請至此網址：https://g0v.hackmd.io/lHbi0sy-TAOdjnU3eBgr3g?view
:::

---
Openness｜

_By Johannes Spielhagen, Bamberg, Germany \[_[_CC BY-SA 3.0_](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)_\],_ [_via Wikimedia Commons_](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3A121212_2_OpenSwissKnife.png)

## 蒐集以「開放」為名的各種領域

### Open Definition「開放」的定義與內涵描述

- [http://opendefinition.org/od/2.0/zh-tw/](http://opendefinition.org/od/2.0/zh-tw/)
- [http://openstand.taipei.io/](http://openstand.taipei.io/)
- [https://open-stand.org/](https://open-stand.org/)
- Open MENA [http://openmena.net/en/about/](http://openmena.net/en/about/)
- opening up **governance**: we believe that the process through which a place is ruled has to be more transparent and participatory. We thus like to address stuff like procurement, financial transparency and policy-making that enable citizen participation;
- opening up **data**: we believe that all the data and information produced by public administrations in the process of their work must be made freely and openly available for anyone to access, (re)use, share and modify;
- opening up **knowledge**: we all produce it, but it increasingly gets enclosed behind copyright, paywalls and suchlikes. We thus aim to inform as many people as possible about the dangers behind locking up scientific and cultural knowledge. In addition, we thrive to produce open and shareable knowledge that is both of scientific and social relevance.
- [https://okfn.org/opendata/](https://okfn.org/opendata/)
- Information = Costlessly Copyable
- "paying for the first copy"  by gov
- Monopoly Rights => Remuneration Rights

### Open Technology/Hardware/Software

- Maker 交流平台建構參考
- [https://openlabtaipei.hackpad.com/Maker--cCDjLtCVm67#:h=參考資料](https://openlabtaipei.hackpad.com/Maker--cCDjLtCVm67#:h=參考資料)
- OpenMaking.is
- [https://openmaking.is/](https://openmaking.is/)
- OpenMaking.is a public domain resource developing open standards in keeping with new and social forms of design and manufacturing, working with a community of thought leaders and practitioners to define this new movement and discuss how we will produce and consume in the 21st Century.
- [http://www.appropedia.org/Open-source_Lab](http://www.appropedia.org/Open-source_Lab)
- 開放設計 Open Design
- [http://creativecommons.tw/node/795](http://creativecommons.tw/node/795)
- Use a homemade spectrometer to scan different materials, and contribute to an open source database.
- [https://spectralworkbench.org/spectrums?page=2758](https://spectralworkbench.org/spectrums?page=2758)
- [https://www.opentech.fund/](https://www.opentech.fund/)
- [https://www.facebook.com/opensourceway/posts/10155238167233057](https://www.facebook.com/opensourceway/posts/10155238167233057)
- [https://www.facebook.com/chihchun/posts/10155048667132915](https://www.facebook.com/chihchun/posts/10155048667132915)
- [http://opentechsummit.net/](http://opentechsummit.net/)
- [http://publiclab.org/](http://publiclab.org/)
- [http://openwaterproject.io/](http://openwaterproject.io/)
- [http://www.openforis.org/](http://www.openforis.org/)
- OPEN SCIENCE: WHAT DOES IT MEAN AND HOW DO TEXT AND DATA MINERS BENEFIT?
- [http://openminted.eu/openminted-as-an-element-of-open-science/](http://openminted.eu/openminted-as-an-element-of-open-science/)
- Open Science, Open Scientists
- [https://forbetterscience.com/2015/12/07/open-science-open-scientists/](https://forbetterscience.com/2015/12/07/open-science-open-scientists/)
-https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/node/2556
- [SciCore(Arduino)開放科學儀器開發群](https://www.facebook.com/groups/1510845375816453/)
- DIY文化
- [https://www.hackster.io/](https://www.hackster.io/)
- [http://www.livescience.com/58250-hangprinter-system-turns-entire-room-into-3d-printer.html](http://www.livescience.com/58250-hangprinter-system-turns-entire-room-into-3d-printer.html)
- OpenPCR is a low-cost yet accurate thermocycler you build yourself, capable of reliably controlling PCR reactions for DNA detection, sequencing, and limitless other applications. [http://openpcr.org/](http://openpcr.org/)
- Citizen Science [https://g0v.hackpad.com/B05KZ52Su9u](https://g0v.hackpad.com/B05KZ52Su9u)
- Opendesk [https://www.opendesk.cc/](https://www.opendesk.cc/)
- [Phonebloks](https://phonebloks.com/en) is an independent organisation with the purpose of encouraging the development and production of products that produce less electronic waste. [Phonebloks - Hello Industry!](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AFTwthNrL_w)
- [Open Source Sea Chair](http://www.studioswine.com/sea-chair) ([影片](http://vimeo.com/58461689))
- [http://www.designboom.com/design/weilun-tseng-produces-a-system-of-modular-open-e-components-10-28-2013/](http://www.designboom.com/design/weilun-tseng-produces-a-system-of-modular-open-e-components-10-28-2013/)
- [http://www.metsawood.com/global/Campaigns/planb/open-source-wood/Pages/default.aspx](http://www.metsawood.com/global/Campaigns/planb/open-source-wood/Pages/default.aspx)
- [http://opendronemap.github.io/odm/](http://opendronemap.github.io/odm/)
- [http://www.opensurgery.net/](http://www.opensurgery.net/)
- The OpenSurgery initiative investigates whether building DIY surgical robots, outside the scope of healthcare regulations, could plausibly provide an accessible alternative to the costly professional healthcare services worldwide. The project aims to provoke alternative thinking about medical innovation by challenging the socioeconomic frameworks healthcare currently operates within.
- [Free Software](https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#mission-statement)
- [https://opensource.guide/](https://opensource.guide/)
- The Open Invention Network is a shared defensive patent pool with the mission to protect Linux.  Launched in 2005, OIN has strong industry support with backing from Google, IBM, NEC, Philips, Red Hat, Sony and SUSE (a business unit of Novell).  Any company, project or developer that is working on Linux, GNU, Android or any other Linux-related software is welcome to join  OIN, free of charge or royalties. - [http://www.openinventionnetwork.com/](http://www.openinventionnetwork.com/)
- [http://www.opentopography.org/](http://www.opentopography.org/)
- Open type [https://www.facebook.com/typeisbeautiful/posts/693864180762148](https://www.facebook.com/typeisbeautiful/posts/693864180762148)
- LASS [https://www.facebook.com/groups/LASSnet/permalink/1939481246302476/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/LASSnet/permalink/1939481246302476/)
- Blockchain 技術？

### Care 照護與醫療領域

- 開源醫學圖像處理平台 NiftyNet
- [https://hk.saowen.com/a/504176dda7b56e2578387ea18d6a439085fec7a750695494aac99e949c8f4215](https://hk.saowen.com/a/504176dda7b56e2578387ea18d6a439085fec7a750695494aac99e949c8f4215)
- HCOS-開放在宅照護系統 Home Care Open System
- [https://www.facebook.com/groups/115650035793555/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/115650035793555/)
- 摘自社團：「給長照與在宅醫療資訊科技系統上面的支持，發展相關協助的開放開源系統環境，促進長照與在宅體系的發展與系統效率，提早為老人化的到來做好準備。」
- Simple Care - 開放長照智慧燈座
- [https://www.facebook.com/groups/664434100418340](https://www.facebook.com/groups/664434100418340)

### Open Building/Arch/Space/City/Planning 開放建築/營造/城市/規劃

- [http://betterblock.org/wikiblock/](http://betterblock.org/wikiblock/)
- wikihouse [https://wikihouse.cc/](https://wikihouse.cc/)
- [https://www.ted.com/talks/alastair\_parvin\_architecture\_for\_the\_people\_by\_the\_people?utm\_source=facebook.com&utm\_medium=social&utm_campaign=tedspread](https://www.ted.com/talks/alastair_parvin_architecture_for_the_people_by_the_people?utm_source=facebook.com&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=tedspread)
- Open-concept architecture transforms city
- [https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2011/03/28/openconcept\_architecture\_transforms_city.html](https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2011/03/28/openconcept_architecture_transforms_city.html)
- OpenBIM vs ClosedBIM
- [https://thebimhub.com/magazines/bim-journal/issue/1/digital/#.WN1Jhm-GOUl](https://thebimhub.com/magazines/bim-journal/issue/1/digital/#.WN1Jhm-GOUl)
- 謝英俊的「開放建築」系統，是在災區的情境中探索出來的，讓災民與志願者可以進行建造過程，模組組裝化的材料方便運送，空間設計上保持居住者得以自行增建與個性化作法的可能性，設計圖有沒有開放出來我就不曉得了；[第三建築工作室 / 謝英俊](http://www.atelier-3.com/mediawiki/index.php/Main_Page)
- 紀錄片：「[築之夢](http://reader.roodo.com/sabinasun/archives/483537.html)」導演張釗維
- [建築，重新定義－台灣女生在荷蘭創立的非營利建築實驗平台](http://www.oranjeexpress.com/2015/02/15/%e5%bb%ba%e7%af%89%ef%bc%8c%e9%87%8d%e6%96%b0%e5%ae%9a%e7%be%a9%ef%bc%8d%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e5%a5%b3%e7%94%9f%e5%9c%a8%e8%8d%b7%e8%98%ad%e5%89%b5%e7%ab%8b%e7%9a%84%e9%9d%9e%e7%87%9f%e5%88%a9%e5%bb%ba/) / [Architecture in Development](http://www.architectureindevelopment.org/)
- 自給自足式建築
- [http://www.seinsights.asia/story/649/797/1802](http://www.seinsights.asia/story/649/797/1802)
- [http://www.tyinarchitects.com/toolbox/](http://www.tyinarchitects.com/toolbox/)
- [以營造過程來說明 Open Source](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6NhyCXJU-IQ)
- 德國汗得學社 社團法人台灣汗得文化協會 協力造屋 [http://www.hand.org.tw/](http://www.hand.org.tw/)
- [我的建築哲學？就是把群眾帶進來參與建造過程！](https://www.ted.com/talks/alejandro_aravena_my_architectural_philosophy_bring_the_community_into_the_process?language=zh-tw)
- 區域與地區，軟硬體的建構，相關案例蒐集於：[Crowd Planning System Prototype](https://g0v.hackpad.com/dVyaLcWGdNA)
- 以參數化設計的方式，將程式碼與「關聯式模型」釋出
- 專書介紹：[蚱蜢狂熱 I：參數化圖形](http://teacher.tku.edu.tw/StfFdDtl.aspx?tid=6847393)
- 一、我們看到了蚱蜢軟體這樣的開放程式碼，有數以百計的程式工作者不計酬勞的為它發展出新的定義與程式；二、透過網路可以在這平台上學習、發問與討論；三、大部份的使用者幾乎都願意幫助其他人解決問題。
- Richard Sennett "[The Open City](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEx1apBAS9A)"
- [http://e-citations.ethbib.ethz.ch/view/pub:188113?lang=en](http://e-citations.ethbib.ethz.ch/view/pub:188113?lang=en)
- The New Urban Agenda｜Quito Papers [https://habitat3.org/the-new-urban-agenda](https://habitat3.org/the-new-urban-agenda)
- LSE Events | The Quito Papers: towards the open city [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgjBkYh1k-8](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgjBkYh1k-8)
- Open Source City
- The foundation for an open source city By Jason Hibbets [http://theopensourcecity.com/](http://theopensourcecity.com/)
- [https://www.tni.org/en/publication/the-open-source-city-as-the-transnational-democratic-future](https://www.tni.org/en/publication/the-open-source-city-as-the-transnational-democratic-future)
- [http://www.oscity.eu/](http://www.oscity.eu/)
- [http://opensourcecities.tumblr.com/](http://opensourcecities.tumblr.com/)
- [https://opensource.com/government/13/6/five-elements-open-source-city](https://opensource.com/government/13/6/five-elements-open-source-city)
- [https://www.facebook.com/arenasbasabepalacios/posts/1519412211406395](https://www.facebook.com/arenasbasabepalacios/posts/1519412211406395)

### Openness & Infrastructure 基礎建設面向、維生設施、能源？

- Open Energy Modelling Initiative
- [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\_Energy\_Modelling_Initiative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Energy_Modelling_Initiative)

### Farming & Food System 農業與糧食系統

- 開源自然：一個關於手造農用設備及自然資源利用設施的經驗分享與交流~
- [https://www.facebook.com/groups/TaiwanOpenSourceEcology/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/TaiwanOpenSourceEcology/)
- FarmBot Taiwan User Group（FBTUG）
- [https://www.facebook.com/groups/FarmBotTUG/permalink/895582050624520/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/FarmBotTUG/permalink/895582050624520/)
- 農耕技術
- [Farm Hack - an open source community for resilient agriculture](http://farmhack.net/home/)
- [The Sustainable Technology WIKI](http://theurbanfarmingguys.com/wiki/Main_Page)
- 生物炭
- [http://www.biochar-international.org/technology/opensource](http://www.biochar-international.org/technology/opensource)
- 都會糧食圈模組 Model for Urban’s Food Security，引入技術知識開放、因地制宜的概念
- [https://zh.scribd.com/doc/294067498/%E9%87%8D%E5%BB%BA%E5%9F%8E%E9%84%89%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4-Bilingual-%E5%B9%B4%E7%B5%82%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A%E7%B0%A1%E5%A0%B1](https://zh.scribd.com/doc/294067498/%E9%87%8D%E5%BB%BA%E5%9F%8E%E9%84%89%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4-Bilingual-%E5%B9%B4%E7%B5%82%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A%E7%B0%A1%E5%A0%B1)
- Open Food Network
- [https://openfoodnetwork.org/ofn-local/open-food-network-australia/](https://openfoodnetwork.org/ofn-local/open-food-network-australia/)
- 公平貿易：生態綠？（這個算開放文化嗎？）
> 看你如何詮釋囉XD
> [name=che l]

- Participatory Guarantee Systems, PGS
- [https://www.facebook.com/events/1822196504723606/?ti=icl](https://www.facebook.com/events/1822196504723606/?ti=icl)
- Make food production data open source, urges MIT Media Lab
- [http://mitsha.re/2Xx9309z3EE](http://mitsha.re/2Xx9309z3EE)
- 「食譜」作為開放分享的內容
- [https://hackpad.com/4FMSg4Fduxk](https://hackpad.com/4FMSg4Fduxk)

### Open-Source Seed/Bio 開放種源/生物

- The Open Source Seed Initiative [http://osseeds.org/](http://osseeds.org/)
- 現在開始有了Open-source seed，要讓大家自由使用。一些育種家在美國威斯康辛大學舉辦活動，公開釋出14種作物的29個品種，拿到這些種子的人將來不得拿去申請專利或品種權，由這些品種進一步進行育種，所育出的品種也不得拿去申請。原文見:[http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/04/17/plant-breeders-release-first-open-source-seeds/?dm_t=0,0,0,0,0](http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/04/17/plant-breeders-release-first-open-source-seeds/?dm_t=0,0,0,0,0)
- [https://www.facebook.com/warren.kuo.5/posts/10154387550266008](https://www.facebook.com/warren.kuo.5/posts/10154387550266008)
- Open-Source seed 的理論見 Kloppenburg (2010) Journal of Agrarian Change, 10 (3): 367–388.( 防堵取奪，再造固有：生物資源開放碼與恢復種子自主權) [http://seed.agron.ntu.edu.tw/fcs/article/seedBiOS2010.htm](http://seed.agron.ntu.edu.tw/fcs/article/seedBiOS2010.htm)
- [Plant Breeders Release First 'Open Source Seeds'](http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/04/17/303772556/plant-breeders-release-first-open-source-seeds)
- Participatory Plant Breeding 參與式育種
- [https://www.facebook.com/warren.kuo.5/posts/10153110310836008](https://www.facebook.com/warren.kuo.5/posts/10153110310836008)
- 參與式育種之理論與策略 [http://seed.agron.ntu.edu.tw/organic/paper/seminar090501.pdf](http://seed.agron.ntu.edu.tw/organic/paper/seminar090501.pdf)
- [https://www.facebook.com/warren.kuo.5/posts/10154082646446008](https://www.facebook.com/warren.kuo.5/posts/10154082646446008)
- 閻安琪 2012 碩士論文: 從開放原始碼理論探討生物遺傳資源共享之運作模式。[http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/ccd=Lthi5r/record?r1=1&h1=0](http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/ccd=Lthi5r/record?r1=1&h1=0)
- BioCoder - [http://www.oreilly.com/biocoder/?imm\_mid=0bfd4f&cmp=em-na-free-info-lgen\_biocoder\_issue4\_direct](http://www.oreilly.com/biocoder/?imm_mid=0bfd4f&cmp=em-na-free-info-lgen_biocoder_issue4_direct)
- 群眾募資開放源碼性賀爾蒙計畫，讓跨性別者能有開放源碼的性賀爾蒙可以使用。 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/twbioart/permalink/798582500264455/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/twbioart/permalink/798582500264455/)
- Native Seeds/SEARCH (NS/S)
- [https://www.nativeseeds.org/39-our-work/15-culturalmemorybank](https://www.nativeseeds.org/39-our-work/15-culturalmemorybank)
- Native Seeds/SEARCH (NS/S) is a nonprofit seed conservation organization based in Tucson, Arizona. Our story began in 1983 when co-founders Gary Nabhan and Mahina Drees worked on a food security Meals for Millions project to assist the Tohono O’odham Nation in establishing gardens for their sustainable food needs. In discussions with tribal elders they were told _“What we are really looking for are the seeds for the foods our grandparents used to grow.”_ This sage remark inspired the formation of Native Seeds/SEARCH as a collector and preserver of these endangered traditional seeds.
- Seedmap
- [http://map.seedmap.org/](http://map.seedmap.org/)

### Open Justice / Crowdsourced Law 法律開源化/群眾編審

- Open Justice [http://open.justice.gov.uk/](http://open.justice.gov.uk/)
- Crowdsourced Law 主題蒐集頁面：[https://goo.gl/8jONaX](https://goo.gl/8jONaX)

### Open Access/Knowledge/Data 開放研究/知識/資料

- The Hague Declaration：[https://vimeo.com/118462366](https://vimeo.com/118462366)
- A short film about The Hague Declaration: Access to Facts, Data and Ideas for Knowledge Discovery in the Digital Age. To learn more and add your support, go to: [thehaguedeclaration.com](http://thehaguedeclaration.com/)
- The Open Commons of Phenomenology [http://ophen.org/](http://ophen.org/)
- Study on Open Science: Impact, Implications and Policy Options 開放式科研的衝擊、意涵與政策選項
- [https://outlook.stpi.narl.org.tw/index/detail?id=8423](https://outlook.stpi.narl.org.tw/index/detail?id=8423)
- [https://emckiernan.wordpress.com/2015/11/30/why-open-research/](https://emckiernan.wordpress.com/2015/11/30/why-open-research/)
- [https://www.facebook.com/fosteropenscience/](https://www.facebook.com/fosteropenscience/)
- [https://forbetterscience.wordpress.com/2015/12/07/open-science-open-scientists/](https://forbetterscience.wordpress.com/2015/12/07/open-science-open-scientists/)
- [開放取用/開放近用(Open Access)](http://creativecommons.tw/category/tags/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%BF%91%E7%94%A8)
- 打破學術界的高牆—開放近用期刊的發展史 [http://creativecommons.tw/blog/20161204](http://creativecommons.tw/blog/20161204)
- New one-page guide to finding high-quality open access journals
- [https://www.facebook.com/whyopenresearch/photos/a.172423759778448.1073741830.161081004246057/172423566445134/](https://www.facebook.com/whyopenresearch/photos/a.172423759778448.1073741830.161081004246057/172423566445134/)
- Lay summaries, supplements, primers: Scientists (and journals) strive to make science accessible to public (and each other)
- [http://blogs.plos.org/scicomm/2016/03/04/lay-summaries-supplements-primers-scientists-and-journals-strive-to-make-science-accessible-to-public-and-each-other/](http://blogs.plos.org/scicomm/2016/03/04/lay-summaries-supplements-primers-scientists-and-journals-strive-to-make-science-accessible-to-public-and-each-other/)
- [http://sci-hub.io/](http://sci-hub.io/)
- 慶應義塾大学 SFC 研究所による、研究プロジェクトの現状と将来計画を紹介する研究発表イベント『SFC Open Research Forum』の様子を2日間にわたり、ニコファーレから中継いたします。([http://blog.nicovideo.jp/niconews/ni049767.html](http://blog.nicovideo.jp/niconews/ni049767.html))
- Promoting open science in Japan [http://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/sonota/openscience/150330\_openscience\_en1.pdf](http://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/sonota/openscience/150330_openscience_en1.pdf)
- 爭議，Open Access 導致洗數量的期刊產業：[https://www.facebook.com/shenhornyen/posts/10207629788981143](https://www.facebook.com/shenhornyen/posts/10207629788981143)
- [RDA, Research Data Alliance](http://rd-alliance.org) ：由歐盟（iCORDI）、美國（NSF-RPI）與澳洲（ANDS）共同發起的科學資料共享國際組織；每年兩次正式會議。
- [ICSU: CODATA (Committee on Data forScience and Technology)](http://codata.org) ：聯合國國際科學家大會（ICSU）底下的跨國科學資料共享組織，即將歡慶成立 50 週年。近年來致力於科學與研究資料互通性。每兩年正式大會。
- [Making big data open: data sharing in neuroimaging](http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v17/n11/full/nn.3818.html) _Nature Neuroscience_ 17, 1510–1517 (2014)
- 補生物領域資料庫
- [https://www.facebook.com/groups/52661243284/permalink/10154350494478285/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/52661243284/permalink/10154350494478285/)
- [https://www.facebook.com/groups/52661243284/permalink/10154350495693285/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/52661243284/permalink/10154350495693285/)
- CBDB 中國歷代人物傳記資料庫：[http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k35201](http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k35201)
- Open Trials: Open Knowledge Announce Plans for Open, Online Database of Clinical Trials - [See more](http://blog.okfn.org/2015/04/21/open-trials-open-knowledge-announce-plans-for-open-online-database-of-clinical-trials/#sthash.dh2F5Kyn.dpuf)
- [The researcher’s guide to literature: Visualising crowd-sourced overviews of knowledge domains.](http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2015/02/16/crowd-sourced-overview-visualizations-of-knowledge-domains/)
- [http://paratext.hk/?p=215](http://paratext.hk/?p=215)
- 西太平洋地質科學期刊開源化籌備小組 [https://www.facebook.com/wpes4OA](https://www.facebook.com/wpes4OA)
- [http://figshare.com/](http://figshare.com/)  store, share, discover  research   manage your research in the cloud and control who you share it with or make it publicly available and citable
- OASIS [http://www.oasis-brains.org/](http://www.oasis-brains.org/)
- NIAGADS [https://www.niagads.org/](https://www.niagads.org/)
- OpenTrials [https://opentrials.net/](https://opentrials.net/)
- [Folding@home](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folding@home) 運用分散式計算模擬蛋白質摺疊、聚合以及其相關疾病，包括阿茲海默症、牛海綿狀腦病（狂牛症）、癌症和囊胞性纖維症。所有運算結果會發佈在科學期刊上，且 Raw data 開放給公眾使用。
- [Open Science Framework](https://osf.io/) The OSF is maintained and developed by the [Center for Open Science](http://cos.io/) (COS), a non-profit organization. COS is supported through grants from a variety of supporters, including [federal agencies, private foundations, and commercial entities](http://centerforopenscience.org/about_sponsors/).
- [http://book.openingscience.org/](http://book.openingscience.org/)
- [http://commongroundpublishing.com/about/history](http://commongroundpublishing.com/about/history)
- [https://rapidlasso.com/2017/01/03/first-open-lidar-in-germany/](https://rapidlasso.com/2017/01/03/first-open-lidar-in-germany/)
- 公民科學
- 討論社團 [https://www.facebook.com/groups/437659989769965/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/437659989769965/)
- OpenTraffic [http://opentraffic.io/](http://opentraffic.io/)

### Open Media 開放媒體 / 媒介 / 出版 / 群眾資訊

- [Open Media Foundation](http://openmediafoundation.org/)
- [http://wikileaks.org/](http://wikileaks.org/)
- [http://ushahidi.com/](http://ushahidi.com/)
- [http://www.peopo.org/](http://www.peopo.org/)
- [http://www.newsmarket.com.tw/](http://www.newsmarket.com.tw/)
- [http://mrjamie.cc/2012/07/31/nytimes-ads/](http://mrjamie.cc/2012/07/31/nytimes-ads/)
- [http://whowhatwhy.com/](http://whowhatwhy.com/)
- [http://www.nhk.or.jp/archives/academic/](http://www.nhk.or.jp/archives/academic/)
- 開放音樂
- [http://www.cosa.org.tw/limesurvey/index.php/survey/index/sid/998965/newtest/Y/lang/zh-Hant-TW](http://www.cosa.org.tw/limesurvey/index.php/survey/index/sid/998965/newtest/Y/lang/zh-Hant-TW)
影像
- [http://www.opengraphicdesign.com](http://www.opengraphicdesign.com)
- [https://axelerant.com/how-to-shoot-open-source-photography/](https://axelerant.com/how-to-shoot-open-source-photography/)
- [http://creativecommons.tw/blog/20150901#sthash.PWz0tZpS.gbpl&st\_refDomain=m.facebook.com&st\_refQuery=](http://creativecommons.tw/blog/20150901#sthash.PWz0tZpS.gbpl&st_refDomain=m.facebook.com&st_refQuery=)
- Open Cinema [https://www.facebook.com/weareopencinema/](https://www.facebook.com/weareopencinema/)
- 紀錄片共學團 [https://g0v.hackpad.com/4XrhQXAhBSa](https://g0v.hackpad.com/4XrhQXAhBSa)
- 摘：但是我還是希望在紀錄片學習的過程中，能夠逐漸把一些製作的知識透過開放文化的概念，累積在公共網域的平台上，因此想在g0v的中先建立一個紀錄片共學社團，再逐步尋找如何在開放文化下來進行紀錄片製作的方式。
開源桌遊
- 開源桌遊 [http://makerdiwo.com/archives/5246](http://makerdiwo.com/archives/5246)
開源出版機制的探討
- [https://g0v.hackpad.com/SBFSdruovNE](https://g0v.hackpad.com/SBFSdruovNE)
Open Course
- Massive Open Online Course [https://www.mooc-list.com/](https://www.mooc-list.com/)

### Language 語言、故事、神話

- 「語言」是否也是開放的？
- 新的字詞用法透過群眾編修
- [http://www.urbandictionary.com/](http://www.urbandictionary.com/)
- 開源與造字
- 自由香港字型
- [https://freehkfonts.opensource.hk/](https://freehkfonts.opensource.hk/)
- [cTaiwan](https://g0v.hackpad.tw/WgTrNd2dhxo)
- IDS開放網路再造漢字
- [https://grants.g0v.tw/projects/58837e8929941d001ebebe79](https://grants.g0v.tw/projects/58837e8929941d001ebebe79)
- 守寫字平台API
- [https://grants.g0v.tw/projects/596a4ea8d60a0d001ed1f83d](https://grants.g0v.tw/projects/596a4ea8d60a0d001ed1f83d)
- Discover language resources for your needs - [http://linghub.org/](http://linghub.org/)
- The Global WordNet Association is a free, public and non-commercial organization that provides a platform for discussing, sharing and connecting wordnets for all languages in the world. [http://globalwordnet.org/about-gwa/](http://globalwordnet.org/about-gwa/)
- [ctext.org](http://ctext.org/text.pl?node=12274&if=gb&show=parallel)
- [古騰堡計畫](https://www.gutenberg.org/browse/languages/zh)
- [https://github.com/ksanaforge/openlit](https://github.com/ksanaforge/openlit)  (開放文學)
- wikisource, of course
- [http://www.urbandictionary.com/](http://www.urbandictionary.com/)
- 臺灣言語語料平臺 [https://g0v.hackpad.com/DqitE1wSSIo](https://g0v.hackpad.com/DqitE1wSSIo)
- 語延計畫 [https://g0v.hackpad.com/Mo71pQqHyLO](https://g0v.hackpad.com/Mo71pQqHyLO)
- 語音
- Mozilla VoiceBank [https://www.facebook.com/events/1460900883930090/](https://www.facebook.com/events/1460900883930090/)
- [https://lyrebird.ai/demo](https://lyrebird.ai/demo)
- [海嘯兒歌世代傳唱　南亞海嘯躲劫難](http://news.tvbs.com.tw/entry/41419) " 2004年南亞大海嘯，雖然島上傳出地層塌陷等災情，但因為這首兒歌 (歌名 sumon )，地震發生後，居民第一時間往高處逃命的反射動作，讓這座8萬人的島，只有7名罹難者，遠低於亞齊省超過16萬的死亡失蹤人數。 "
- Accueil | [www.conte-moi.net](http://www.conte-moi.net/)：「Conte-moi la francophonie 為一線上資源中心，提供給兒童有關法語口述遺產的同時，也提昇了這些資源的價值。藉由網路，在世界各地已傳講好幾世紀的故事，今天由各地的講述者再次傳講到我們耳中。」
- [民話 ゆうわ座](http://table.smt.jp/?p=4644)：「みやぎ民話の会」が40年にわたって記録してきた、宮城県を中心とする民話語りの映像・音声を、だれもが活かせる共有財産として、未来へ受け渡していこうという取り組みです。さまざまな民話を入口に、先祖が語り継いできた民話の深い森に、一歩足を踏み入れてみませんか。宮城県を中心とし、東北の伝承の語り手による民話語りの映像や音声資料を通じて参加するみなさんと自由な感想や意見を声にしながら、みんなで聞き語り考える場にしたいと思います。
- 《認識原住民族傳統智慧創作保護條例：原住民族傳統智慧創作專用權申請作業手冊》
- [https://www.facebook.com/titicoffice/posts/1491195091187668](https://www.facebook.com/titicoffice/posts/1491195091187668)

### Open Community / Organization 社群文化 / 議論方式 / 組織形態 / 產業模式

- Clay Shirky 關於社群文化的探討：《下班時間扭轉未來》《鄉民都來了》
- 「我們正在經歷一種集體行動的改變，而改變的驅動力將會是足以支持有生產力的新的集體行動的法律架構。」-Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations by Clay Shirky
- 《實踐社群：推動學習型組織之輪》Cultivating Communities of Practice: A Guide to Managing Knowledge
- [開幹開團到開源：前往 g0v 的奇幻旅程](https://g0v.hackpad.com/-g0v--CXuspD7O8dP)
- [開源協作社群經營五顆心 ！beta！](https://g0v.hackpad.tw/-beta-CczN3w8LRCi)
- CONCOM X OCF 2015
- [http://beta.hackfoldr.org/concom2015](http://beta.hackfoldr.org/concom2015)
- [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFuYOsppHDrnsAEqOdBTJ5QXyXkq2I_Lj](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFuYOsppHDrnsAEqOdBTJ5QXyXkq2I_Lj)
- OCF-OSMtw 組織化過程
- [Autopoiesis 自創生理論](http://www.swarmagents.cn/complex/bottomup/autopoiesis.htm)
- DIWO - Do It With Others [http://furtherfield.org/projects/diwo-do-it-others-resource](http://furtherfield.org/projects/diwo-do-it-others-resource)
- 平台合作主義 Platform Cooperativism
- [http://platformcoop.net/](http://platformcoop.net/)
- [https://artivism.hackpad.com/2017--2L1xu4LSovg](https://artivism.hackpad.com/2017--2L1xu4LSovg)
- [初音未來所建構的社群創作生態](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAUdZ_iiY8c)
- [https://www.hitrecord.org/intro](https://www.hitrecord.org/intro)
- [协作乡 \- corari.com](http://www.corari.com/html/aboutUs.html)：「协作乡」如 其标题，是一个创建合作的地方。在这里你可以发布你的创意提案和需求提案等，来寻求别人的加入。来帮助你一同完成目标！！~同样你也可以是一个协助者，来帮助别人完成目标！！~随着你的加入促进协作乡的发展~你将可以通过「协作乡」更 方便·更轻松·更快捷的找到合适的合作伙伴。让我们一起来完成共同的梦想吧~~~
- M.U.G.E.N 大亂鬥遊戲人物角色分享
[http://www.elecbyte.com/](http://www.elecbyte.com/)
[http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.U.G.E.N](http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.U.G.E.N)
[http://elecbyte.com/wiki/index.php/Main_Page](http://elecbyte.com/wiki/index.php/Main_Page)
[http://www1.m1.mediacat.ne.jp/mari_tao/index.html](http://www1.m1.mediacat.ne.jp/mari_tao/index.html)
[https://sites.google.com/site/mugenlist/](https://sites.google.com/site/mugenlist/)
- ParticipateDB
- [http://www.participatedb.com/about](http://www.participatedb.com/about)
- IdeaScale
- [http://ideascale.com/](http://ideascale.com/)
- IdeaScale is an idea management platform that uses crowdsourcing to help you find and develop the next big thing.
- 審議式民主 Deliberative Democracy：[https://goo.gl/y7yZyU](https://goo.gl/y7yZyU)
- 開放會議 Open Space Techology [http://www.frontier.org.tw/ost/](http://www.frontier.org.tw/ost/)
- [IWA 安那其工團主義](http://www.iwa-ait.org/)
- Free Shop / 無價市集 [http://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/24747/](http://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/24747/)
- Open Source Blueprints for Civilization. Build Yourself. - [http://www.opensourceecology.org/](http://www.opensourceecology.org/)
- Made with Creative Commons: A book on open business models
- [https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/creativecommons/made-with-creative-commons-a-book-on-open-business](https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/creativecommons/made-with-creative-commons-a-book-on-open-business)
- Open Source Circular Economy Days 2015 [https://oscedays.org/](https://oscedays.org/)
- 合作社
- [內政部合作事業入口網站](http://coop.moi.gov.tw/index.html)
- [主婦聯盟我們共同的未來－FEC自給圈開放空間討論會](http://www.hucc-coop.tw/events/%E6%88%91%E5%80%91%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86%EF%BC%8Dfec%E8%87%AA%E7%B5%A6%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96%E6%9C%83)
- Consumers Social Responsibility 責任消費相關機制
- [https://g0v.hackpad.com/WfMCiZM7Jtk](https://g0v.hackpad.com/WfMCiZM7Jtk)

### Open Education 開放教育 / 開源式學習

- 開放教育資源 Open Education Resource [http://creativecommons.tw/blog/20151120](http://creativecommons.tw/blog/20151120)
- 黃武雄，《教室在窗外》一書
> 我找時間寫一下此書的摘要與其「開放」之處
> [name=che l]

- 遠距教學
- 開放式課程
- 開放教育全壘打：李威儀 (Lee,Wei-I) at TEDxTaipei 2014 - YouTube [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdmwIxwhq5I](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdmwIxwhq5I)
- 〈黃少甫：自學，教育的開源行動〉
- [https://theinitium.com/article/20161105-opinion-huangshaofu-selflearning/](https://theinitium.com/article/20161105-opinion-huangshaofu-selflearning/)
- 自由軟體應用與教育：
- 2013 自由軟體融入音樂課之行動研究 國立臺南大學 音樂學系碩士班
- 臺東縣國小教師使用自由軟體於資訊融入教學相關影響因素之研究
- 自由軟體應用於國小資訊教學管理之行動研究-以Inkscape向量繪圖軟體合作學習教學為例
- 運用自由軟體建置數位學習平台對提升 國小高年級華文修辭教學成效之研究
- 自由軟體教學與資訊倫理關係之研究  －以彰化縣國小學童為例
- 台灣校園自由軟體推廣研究—從推廣者的角度而言
- 從宜蘭縣LifeType部落格平台探討自由軟體導入教育場域之研究
- 自由軟體在教師群體間導入歷程之研究―以宜蘭縣「創新國小」為例
- 以問題導向學習策略運用自由軟體建構鄉土課程之研究
- 由計畫行為理論分析影響國小教師使用自由軟體之因素-以彰化縣為例
- 以分解式計畫行為理論探討國民小學自由軟體之使用意願
- 使用自由軟體Stellarium於國小自然領域月相概念教學成效之研究
- 以自由軟體實施國小星星單元資訊融入教學之成效
- 臺北市國民小學資訊教育使用自由軟體教學之研究-以電腦繪圖軟體為例
- 運用自由軟體建構合作學習環境之研究─以國中英語習得為例
- 以自由軟體建構互動式人機介面應用於教學
- 國小教師使用自由軟體融入數學教育意願之研究－以苗栗縣國小教師為例
- 自由軟體應用於國小電腦課程之研究-以繪圖軟體為例
- 國小教師推動校園自由軟體之研究
- 自由軟體心智圖與合作學習教學策略於國小自然與生活科技課程之行動研究
- 自由軟體平台教材呈現方式對學習影響之研究
- 利用自由軟體建置一符合中小學生使用之線上競賽式遊戲學習系統
- 從流通文件檔案格式探索自由軟體的使用意願─以細胞自動機模擬國中小教師生態之研究
- 自由軟體應用於國小四年級資訊教學之行動研究
- 國小五年級學生使用自由軟體之研究
- 校園導入自由軟體之行動研究--以國民小學為例
- 以自由軟體實施資訊融入教學之個案研究—以宜蘭縣自由國小為例
- 以自由軟體建置屏東縣國民小學校園植物資料庫之研究
- 應用自由軟體建構集中式學務管理系統－以嘉義縣國民小學為例
- 利用自由軟體Moodle平台建構簡答題評分系統之探討
- 應用數位學習與自由軟體在學習成效上之研究---以台北市立某高中高二自然組學生學習奈米概念為例
- 國民小學教師使用自由軟體教學意願之調查研究
- 以科技接受模式探討網管人員對國中小資訊教育採用自由軟體的態度
- 以科技接受模型探討應用Moodle於自由軟體教學之學習滿意度及學習成效之研究
- 自由軟體教學之學習成效與電腦態度研究-以國小學童為例
- 國小資訊種子教師運用自由軟體融入教學關注階層、溝通媒介類型與教學創新接受度之相關研究
- 國民小學學生自由軟體學習滿意度調查研究
- 自由軟體應用於國小電腦課程之可行性探討
- 使用自由軟體教學對高職生電腦應用課程學習成效與電腦態度影響之研究
- 國民小學資訊教育使用自由軟體教學之研究-以網際網路教學為例
- 以安全性、跨平台及自由軟體為建構核心的雲林縣中小學圖書館服務
- 自由軟體在教育環境之研究-以製作無障礙網頁為例
- 國民小學自由軟體使用現況之調查研究
- Linux作業系統環境中自由軟體教學之研究---以國中教學為例

### Open Governance 開放政體 / 開放取向的公務運作體系

- 開放政治體系宣言：[https://g0v.hackpad.com/pLVt54Va4gU](https://g0v.hackpad.com/pLVt54Va4gU)
- 「開放政體」的一些討論：[https://g0v.hackpad.com/uiv8jwEBVCA](https://g0v.hackpad.com/uiv8jwEBVCA)
- [http://democracy.earth/](http://democracy.earth/)
- Popolo: International open government data specifications [http://www.popoloproject.com/](http://www.popoloproject.com/)
- OpeningParliament.org
- [https://www.openingparliament.org/](https://www.openingparliament.org/)
- OpeningParliament.org is a forum intended to help connect the world's civic organizations engaged in monitoring, supporting and opening up their countries' parliaments and legislative institutions.
- 《開放政府觀察報告 2014-2016》
- 0\. 前言 [https://goo.gl/xBZ2xf](https://goo.gl/xBZ2xf)
- 1\. 法律與政策 [https://goo.gl/HUvkTi](https://goo.gl/HUvkTi)
- 2\. 開放資料檢視 [https://goo.gl/55BC85](https://goo.gl/55BC85)
- 3\. 公民參與 [https://goo.gl/aH2bFK](https://goo.gl/aH2bFK)
- 4\. 公民科技協力關係 [https://goo.gl/WRhH8e](https://goo.gl/WRhH8e)
- 5\. 結論 [https://goo.gl/D5z57j](https://goo.gl/D5z57j)
- 公眾參與市政：[https://g0v.hackpad.com/Fy5roPxroAg](https://g0v.hackpad.com/Fy5roPxroAg)
- 關於公務機關使用自由軟體：
- [政府機關使用自由軟體](http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/ccd=Yv.or9/record?r1=25&h1=1)之研究-以創新擴散角度觀之
- [基層公務機關使用自由軟體](http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/ccd=Yv.or9/record?r1=84&h1=1)之研究
- [導入OpenGIS模組實例研究--以自由軟體](http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/ccd=Yv.or9/record?r1=95&h1=1)架構地政地籍資料

Open Banking
- [https://www.facebook.com/events/509053092871864/?ti=icl](https://www.facebook.com/events/509053092871864/?ti=icl)

### Human Rights 數位人權議題 / 生死觀

> ....與「開放 Openness」相關聯嗎？
> [name=che l]

- Open Rights Group
- [https://www.facebook.com/openrightsgroup/](https://www.facebook.com/openrightsgroup/)
- 數位人格遺忘權、生命自主權
- [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1x-AnVSiu373CF2WOgC_xYuxSNe4BNX7pjwczB4tiwYQ/edit?usp=sharing](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1x-AnVSiu373CF2WOgC_xYuxSNe4BNX7pjwczB4tiwYQ/edit?usp=sharing)

### "Common" / Commons-based Society

> ....與「開放 Openness」相關聯嗎？
> [name=che l]

- Re-imagine the Future: A List of Resources for Commoning
- [https://blog.p2pfoundation.net/re-imagine-the-future-a-list-of-resources-for-commoning/2016/12/14/comment-page-1#comment-1578132](https://blog.p2pfoundation.net/re-imagine-the-future-a-list-of-resources-for-commoning/2016/12/14/comment-page-1#comment-1578132)
- 2015 IASC Urban Commons Conference
- [http://www.labgov.it/urbancommons/](http://www.labgov.it/urbancommons/)
- common / urban ethics
- [https://](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SAnV1maOpgZRBKjNh1Vfgf0OCJKhIkXzFeeHIi9Flck/edit)[docs.google.com/document/d/1SAnV1maOpgZRBKjNh1Vfgf0OCJKhIkXzFeeHIi9Flck/edit](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SAnV1maOpgZRBKjNh1Vfgf0OCJKhIkXzFeeHIi9Flck/edit)

## 什麼是「開放」的原則？

chewei>
- 範疇界定
- 是一些處理很多人一起幹嘛幹嘛的原則。
- 了解「不開放」，可以輔助勾勒「開放」的模樣。
- 群體社會關係
- 促進互相學習，互相參照。
- 設想到「未來的參與者、當前的參與者、過往的參與者」，並且將大家連結起來機制。
- 權利義務與遊戲規則
- 並行著「自主權」的建構，例如開放種源、自由軟體等。
- 必須處理權利義務關係。
- 依照 clay shirky 「承諾/工具/默契」作為社群分析的架構，其中的**「默契」**，屬於政治人權觀點的範疇，例如維基百科的默契是：「肯認每一個人都有編輯的權力。」而非「參與者可以提出修改意見，再經由委員會決定是否通過。」就此而言，「開放」的默契會是什麼？
- 必須處理授權/智慧財產權面向的課題。
- 「開源精神與專利制度」[http://www.proguidescreen.com/?p=2144](http://www.proguidescreen.com/?p=2144)
- [Public Use of Reason (by Kant) 公用理性](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Iwdu6H2dQw) 的實際實踐。
- 效用描述
- 可能性大於真實性。

Chen Yang Ren>
[人類文明發展的功臣：知識的開放](http://tedxtaipei.com/articles/don_tapscott_four_principles_for_the_open_world/)
[TEDGlobal 2012 開放世界的四個原則](http://www.ted.com/talks/don_tapscott_four_principles_for_the_open_world_1)
- **「合作」**：從個人、組織、到企業、政府等各種單位，透過科技以及社群媒體所提供的新生產模式，合作關係不再難以串聯。
- **「透明化」**：當全球組織趨於透明，外在包裝之下如果沒有擁有相應的價值，將無法建立起在網路世代中最重要的信任。
- **「分享」**：不同於透明化的定義為信息的流通，分享是指「放棄知識產權」。
- **「賦權（empowerment）」**：隨著社會權力的向開放，知識不再由少數人控制，更多人開始學習與思考，封建體制趨向停滯、凍結並死亡，換取更多的社會自由與力量。

HCOS-淺談開放式運作
- [https://paper.dropbox.com/doc/HCOS-kWOY6FC3nQRSFyQCcNrVK](https://paper.dropbox.com/doc/HCOS-kWOY6FC3nQRSFyQCcNrVK)