---
tags: 學生自治
---

:::warning
以下研究內容為 ChatGPT Deep Research 生成出來的內容，非人為撰寫，僅供交換與學習使用，請勿直接引用

如有錯誤，請直接在上面進行修改

Prompt: 其實我很好奇，像哈佛那樣的常春藤學校，學生自治都是怎麼運作的。我想要看到實際案例，他們的精神，以及他們是如何貢獻，和校方順利合作

Tofus
:::

# 哈佛大學與常春藤盟校學生自治組織的案例研究

[台灣大專院校學生自治 vs. 常春藤盟校學生自治：比較分析](/J-CHPV-vSFeO69HEjm_nrw)

常春藤盟校（如哈佛、耶魯、普林斯頓、哥倫比亞等）的學生自治組織（學生會/學生議會）在校園內扮演著代表學生、促進校園生活、並與校方溝通協調的重要角色。以下分別介紹哈佛大學、耶魯大學、普林斯頓大學和哥倫比亞大學的學生自治組織，說明其核心精神、運作方式、與校方合作模式，以及具體貢獻，並引用相關資料支持分析。

## 哈佛大學（Harvard College Undergraduate Association）

### 核心精神與理念
哈佛學院的本科生學生自治組織經歷了從“本科生議會（Undergraduate Council, UC）”到 **“哈佛本科生協會（Harvard Undergraduate Association, HUA）”** 的改革。其使命一貫是代表哈佛學院全體學生的聲音，為學生權益發聲，並提供資源與服務。

早期的本科生議會成立宗旨即是 **「代表本科生向校方、教授和更廣泛社群發聲，為學生爭取權益並資助校內學生活動」** ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=Founded%20with%20the%20purpose%20of,65))。這體現在學生會推動學術、社交、住宿等各方面政策，以改善學生體驗 ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=Founded%20with%20the%20purpose%20of,65))。

HUA在2022年成立取代UC後，更強調**直接參與和行動**，希望擺脫以往繁瑣的官僚決策模式，側重「**實質改變**」而非空談 ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=Cheng%20and%20de%20Kanter%20organized,enforcement%20power%20and%20toward%20action)) ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=Estabine%20said%20while%20the%20UC,direct%20action%20on%20campus%20issues))。

### 運作方式
舊的UC以選區代表制運作，共有約54名民選代表（每個住宿書院/一年級區域選出數名代表），並選舉產生主席和副主席 ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=The%20council%20was%20responsible%20for,66))。

學生須透過議會法案決策，經常因程序導致效率低下 ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=11%20meetings,enforcement%20power%20and%20toward%20action))。

改革後的HUA採用扁平化、專案制結構，由**兩位共同主席**領導，僅9名學生經由全校選舉產生（2主席＋7名官員） ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=The%20leadership%20of%20the%20HUA%2C,on%20issues%20like%20shopping%20week))。

這7名官員各自**負責不同領域**的學生生活（如財務、社交活動、課外活動、學術、住宿生活、福祉/身心健康、體育等） ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=The%20leadership%20of%20the%20HUA%2C,on%20issues%20like%20shopping%20week))。

所有其他有興趣的學生都可作為志工加入這些團隊或專案小組，參與議題討論和項目執行，即使未經選舉也能成為變革的一份子 ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=argued%20that%20cutting%20the%20number,on%20issues%20like%20shopping%20week))。

HUA定期召開全體會議，**任何參與會議的學生都有表決權**，真正實現更直接的民主參與 ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=The%20rest%20of%20its%20members,eligible%20to%20vote%20on%20legislation))。例如，HUA在制定新章程時組織了一個「**公民大會**」，隨機選出30位學生參與討論起草，體現更廣泛的學生參與 ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=Cheng%20and%20de%20Kanter%20organized,enforcement%20power%20and%20toward%20action))。

### 與校方合作方式
哈佛學生會與校方的關係是 ==合作大於對抗== 。校方常就學生議題**諮詢學生會意見**，學生代表也參與校內師生委員會，與行政部門共同討論校園政策 ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=Administrators%20at%20the%20College%20often,68))。

例如，在UC時期，哈佛學院院長辦公室曾委派職員與學生會對接協調，學生會則遴選學生加入各類學生-教職員委員會，就學術規劃、校園生活等議題提供意見 ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=Administrators%20at%20the%20College%20often,68))。

HUA成立後更強調與校方的良性互動：其共同主席定期與學院院長和相關行政主管會面，爭取資源並推動改革。在改革過程中，哈佛學院的學生事務辦公室也對HUA提供指導和審計支援，雙方透過**審計整改和預算協商**來改善學生自治的財務管理 ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=This%20semester%2C%20the%20HUA%20successfully,UC%E2%80%99s%20allocation%20the%20previous%20year)) ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=HUA%20Finance%20Officer%20Alexander%20J,designing%20the%20Association%E2%80%99s%20fiscal%20policy))。

整體而言，哈佛學生自治組織被設計為校方的**學生意見主要聯絡管道**，強調合作解決問題而非對立。

### 具體貢獻
哈佛學生自治組織對學校政策和學生生活都有實質影響。例如：

- **經費資助與活動服務：** 學生會每年管理數十萬美元的學生活動經費，用於資助數百個學生社團、舉辦校園活動和提供學生服務 ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=Founded%20with%20the%20purpose%20of,65))。HUA上任首學期即成功爭取**將年度預算提高到55萬美元**（比前一年增加10%），以更充分支援學生項目 ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=This%20semester%2C%20the%20HUA%20successfully,UC%E2%80%99s%20allocation%20the%20previous%20year))。他們還簡化了社團補助流程，使資金撥付更有效率、更公平，讓更多學生組織受益 ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=Some%20student%20club%20leaders%20have,a%20monthly%20and%20semesterly%20basis))。例如，一位學生團體領袖就讚揚HUA新的資助指南讓社團經費使用**更具彈性** ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=Some%20student%20club%20leaders%20have,a%20monthly%20and%20semesterly%20basis))。

- **政策倡議：** 哈佛學生會曾推動維護“Shopping Week”（試聽選課週）的傳統，積極向校方建言保留學生自由選課的彈性（這是學生高度關注的學術政策議題） ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=leaders%20even%20if%20they%20aren%E2%80%99t,on%20issues%20like%20shopping%20week))。此外，HUA成立後著手執行對前任學生會財務審計的建議，**加強財務透明和問責**，以恢復校方與學生對學生自治組織的信任 ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=This%20semester%2C%20the%20HUA%20successfully,UC%E2%80%99s%20allocation%20the%20previous%20year))。在學生權益方面，新學生會領導人強調不再只是發表聲明表態，而是直接行動解決問題。例如他們啟動了**冬季假期穿梭巴士計畫**等服務，切實緩解學生交通不便 ([Harvard Undergraduate Association](https://www.thehua.org/#:~:text=Inclusion%20Team)) ([Harvard Undergraduate Association](https://www.thehua.org/#:~:text=HUA%20Semesterly%20Grant%20Opening))（HUA網站顯示其在社交生活、學術支援、身心健康等各領域都有專案在進行）。

- **校園文化營造：** 學生自治組織也辦活動凝聚社群。例如HUA為慶祝二年級生選定主修專業舉辦了“**宣告日（Declaration Day）**”活動，營造學術里程碑的儀式感 ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=Image%3A%20The%20HUA%20celebrated%20sophomores,with%20a%20Declaration%20Day%20event))。過去UC時期亦曾舉辦校園舞會、春季慶典等，全校性的活動增進學生的歸屬感和校園活力。

綜上，哈佛學生自治組織近年來以改革創新精神重振學生參與，透過與校方密切合作，在經費分配、政策倡議和校園生活方面為學生群體帶來實際益處。

## 耶魯大學（Yale College Council）

**核心精神與理念：** 耶魯大學的本科生學生自治組織稱為**耶魯學院議會（Yale College Council, YCC）**。其使命明確定位在**積極參與大學政策制定、維護學生權益、促進學生團體和校園凝聚力**。官方使命聲明寫道：YCC將“**積極參與塑造大學政策和優先事項，為學生關切發聲；保護學生權利與自由；資助並推廣本科生組織；培養學校團結與榮譽感；作為討論和推進學生理念的論壇**” ([Yale College Council | Yale College](https://yalecollege.yale.edu/communities/student-leadership/yale-college-council#:~:text=The%20Mission%20statement%20for%20the,YCC%29%20states))。簡言之，YCC致力於成為真正服務學生的倡導者，同時營造多元包容的校園社群。

**運作方式：** YCC採用**三權分立式的組織架構**，分為行政分支、立法政策分支和活動分支 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=Yale%20College%20Council%20consists%20of,to%20Yale%20as%20a%20whole))。主要結構包括：

- **行政團隊（Executive Board）**：由YCC主席、副主席等高級幹部組成。主席制定學生會願景，統籌運作，並作為**學生與校方之間的主要聯絡人**，定期與耶魯校長和耶魯學院院長等高層會晤 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=The%20President%20of%20the%20Yale,College%2C%20and%20other%20University%20officials))。副主席負責內部管理（如招募、選舉組織、專案分派）、協調各委員會，並與主席一道與大學高層保持溝通 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=The%20Vice%20President%20is%20responsible,manager%20of%20the%20Policy%20Branch))。此外還有秘書長、財務長等職位，管理日常行政、財務和後勤。

- **參議會（Senate）**：這是YCC的政策決策部門，由各年級或書院選出的代表組成（耶魯以Residential College為單位，可能每個書院有代表）。參議會下設若干**政策專員（Policy Director）**，各自領銜不同領域的政策項目，例如學術政策、文化與社群、餐飲政策、經濟援助與學生就業、健康與無障礙等 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=match%20at%20L187%20The%20Academic,for%20International%20and%20Professional%20Experiences)) ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=Student%20Affairs%20to%20ensure%20transparent,and%20equitable%20dining%20policies))。每位政策專員與相關的校方部門對接（如學術部門、餐飲服務、學生事務處等），確保學生需求反映到具體政策改進上。例如，**餐飲政策專員**會與耶魯餐飲及學生事務辦公室合作，促進更透明公平的用餐政策 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=match%20at%20L200%20The%20Dining,transparent%20and%20equitable%20dining%20policies))。這種專案制分工使學生議會可以同時推進多條議題線。

- **活動分支（Events Team）**：專責策劃校園活動及傳統盛事（如每年春季的**Spring Fling**音樂節等） ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=Yale%20College%20Council%20consists%20of,to%20Yale%20as%20a%20whole))。這部分確保除了政策倡議外，學生會也為豐富校園生活做出貢獻。

耶魯YCC每年通過**民主選舉**產生上述各級成員：如每年春季選出總統和副總統，還有參議會的各類代表等 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=All%20students%20are%20encouraged%20to,Students%20can%20also%20be))。同時，YCC也歡迎學生透過多種途徑參與：**任何學生都可加入委員會工作或提出倡議**。學生可旁聽每週的公開會議，或將想法透過郵件提交給YCC成員 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=appointed%20to%20a%20position%20in,or%20volunteer%20at%20a%20GSG))。這種開放機制保障了廣泛的學生參與度。

**與校方合作方式：** 耶魯學生會與校方的關係被定位為**“協商夥伴”**。YCC領導人定期與大學行政高層會面，反映學生關切並共同推動政策落實 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=As%20YCC%20leaders%2C%20Papathanasopoulos%20and,student%20body%20with%20the%20administration))。例如，YCC主席與副主席每隔一段時間就會與耶魯學院院長、學生生活部門主管等開會討論學生需求 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=As%20YCC%20leaders%2C%20Papathanasopoulos%20and,student%20body%20with%20the%20administration))。當YCC參議會通過學生提案後，學生會領袖會**與相關行政單位談判、協作**，將提案轉化為學校政策。例如2024年秋季，YCC參議會通過了幾項針對學生需求的提案，包括**降低課程材料和旅行費用的經濟負擔、增加弱勢學生的暑期財務補助、及提高每日餐飲點數額度** ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=Courtesy%20of%20Mimi%20Papathanasopoulos%20and,Esha%20Garg))。隨後，YCC主席 Mimi Papathanasopoulos 和副主席 Esha Garg 便著手**與學校行政部門協商這些提案的執行**，爭取在校方政策中落地 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=Now%2C%20YCC%20President%20Mimi%20Papathanasopoulos,the%20implementation%20of%20these%20policies))。他們強調將YCC定位為“真正的學生倡導團體”，通過與學生組織和行政部門的主動合作來推進改變 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=implementation%20of%20these%20policies))。

另一層面的合作是學生參與學校正式治理架構。耶魯允許學生代表加入若干**學校委員會**。YCC就負責提名學生參與例如學術、生活等領域的**聯合委員會**，使學生在決策桌上有發言權 ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=Administrators%20at%20the%20College%20often,68))（哈佛的例子類似，耶魯亦然）。總體來說，YCC通過正式會議和委員會機制，確保學生觀點能**及時傳達給校方並獲得認真對待**。

**具體貢獻：** 耶魯YCC在過去數十年中取得了多項成果，為學生權益和校園改進做出貢獻，包括：

- **政策改革與學生權益：** YCC長期以來在重大政策上發揮作用。例如早年促成**線上課程評價系統**的推出，以方便學生選課決策 ([History (Copy) — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/history-1#:~:text=The%20Yale%20College%20Council%20,both%20policy%20and%20event%20planning))。在經濟援助方面，YCC成功推動了**財政補助改革**，如減少對學生暑期收入的強制貢獻額，減輕受助學生的經濟壓力 ([History (Copy) — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/history-1#:~:text=the%20undergraduate%20population%20through%20both,policy%20and%20event%20planning))。2013-2014年，YCC修改憲章引入「專案制」後，更靈活地讓代表推動各自關注的議題，隨後實現了**開放混合宿舍（男女混住宿舍）**擴大至低年級、**擴充心理健康服務**資源等重要成果 ([History (Copy) — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/history-1#:~:text=In%20the%202013,summer%20income%20contribution%3B%20and%20more))。例如混合宿舍政策的改變，體現了學生會在促進校園包容性和自主權方面的影響力。

- **校園生活改善：** YCC也著眼學生日常生活品質。如近期YCC成功倡議校方**提高學生餐飲計劃中每日靈活點數的額度**（增加100點）以豐富用餐選擇 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=Courtesy%20of%20Mimi%20Papathanasopoulos%20and,Esha%20Garg))。又如針對低收入或第一代大學生群體，YCC推動**增加暑期財務補助**，減輕這些學生在暑期實習或生活期間的負擔 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=Courtesy%20of%20Mimi%20Papathanasopoulos%20and,Esha%20Garg))。這些提案獲YCC通過後，校方已表示將在下學年調整相關規定來響應學生建議 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=This%20past%20Sunday%2C%20the%20Yale,plan%20points%20by%20100%20points))。

- **身心健康支持：** 學生心理健康是YCC近年的重點議題。YCC與耶魯健康服務中心合作，致力於**縮短心理諮詢等候時間、提高服務質量** ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CWe%20will%20work%20closely%20with,%E2%80%9D))。學生會領袖公開表示，正與耶魯心理健康與諮詢部門密切合作，確保每位學生都能及時獲得高品質的照護 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CWe%20will%20work%20closely%20with,%E2%80%9D))。他們也在倡導擴大校園無障礙與輔助服務，讓有需要的學生獲得充分支持 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CWe%20will%20work%20closely%20with,%E2%80%9D))。這些努力部分來自於YCC在參議會內設置**健康與無障礙政策專員**，專門負責彙集學生在心理健康、殘障服務等方面的需求並與校方協調改進 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=match%20at%20L212%20The%20Health,accessibility%20services%2C%20and%20public%20safety))。

- **學生活動與社群：** 與政策工作並行，YCC每年舉辦大型活動（如Spring Fling音樂節、新生歡迎活動等）以及無數日常學生活動，為學生創造交流和放鬆的機會，增強校園凝聚力 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=Yale%20College%20Council%20consists%20of,to%20Yale%20as%20a%20whole))。在COVID-19限制放鬆後，YCC的活動團隊還著重**重振校園社群**，幫助學生重新參與課外生活 ([Princeton USG](https://usg.princeton.edu/#:~:text=%2A%20))。

- **常春藤交流：** 值得一提的是，耶魯YCC在培養常春藤盟校學生政府之間的合作方面也有歷史貢獻。YCC早年倡議並促成成立「**常春藤議會（Ivy Council）**」，與其他常春藤盟校的學生會建立聯繫、分享經驗 ([History (Copy) — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/history-1#:~:text=The%20Yale%20College%20Council%20,both%20policy%20and%20event%20planning))。這有助於各校學生自治組織交流最佳實踐，共同提升學生在各校的影響力。

透過上述方式，耶魯學生自治組織在校內外都積極扮演協調者和改革推動者的角色，既保障學生福祉，又與校方攜手打造更好的大學環境。

## 普林斯頓大學（Princeton Undergraduate Student Government）

**核心精神與理念：** 普林斯頓的大學生自治組織稱為**本科生學生政府（Undergraduate Student Government, USG）**。USG的核心理念是在校園決策中貫徹**“學生參與、自主決定”**的哲學 ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=Students%20Making%20Decisions))。學校官方明確指出，普林斯頓相信學生應直接參與影響他們自身的決策過程，因此USG被視為**本科生對教師、行政當局、校董會以及更廣泛社群的主要代表與聯絡橋樑** ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=Dedicated%20to%20the%20philosophy%20that,advisory%20capacity%20to%20the%20USG))。USG的使命包括：**服務和代表全體學生、為學生集體和個體發聲倡議**，同時積極傾聽學生多元意見、促進包容並加強校園團結 ([Princeton USG](https://usg.princeton.edu/#:~:text=Senate%20Mission%20and%20Vision))。USG參議院的官方使命宣言強調「以服務為領導之本」，重視傾聽、溝通與信任，打造充滿關懷的校園共同體 ([Princeton USG](https://usg.princeton.edu/#:~:text=We%20envision%20a%20dynamic%20community,our%20community%20as%20a%20whole))。簡而言之，USG致力於讓學生在需要時勇於發聲，也鼓勵學生主動服務他人，共建良好社群。

**運作方式：** 普林斯頓USG架構完善，包括**參議院（Senate）**和**各班級政府（Class Governments）**兩大部分，兼顧全校性議題和各年級需求：

- **USG參議院：** 參議院是全校學生政府的核心，由USG執行委員會成員、參議員和委員會主席等組成。USG每年通過多次選舉產生各級幹部 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=All%20students%20are%20encouraged%20to,Students%20can%20also%20be))。**執行委員會**（Executive Committee）主要包括USG總統、副總統、財務長以及若干常設委員會的主席 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=November%2C%20the%20majority%20of%20the,In%20addition%2C%20the%20core))。其中總統和副總統每年11月由全校選出，負責全面領導學生政府並直接與校方高層溝通協調 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=November%2C%20the%20majority%20of%20the,Any))。此外，**參議員**由各年級選出（例如大一至大三各選出兩名參議員 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=November%2C%20the%20majority%20of%20the,In%20addition%2C%20the%20core))；高年級可能另有全校席次如所謂U-Councilors 10名 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Two%20class%20senators%20from%20each,a%20variety%20of%20ways%20for))）。USG下設多個**常務委員會**（Core Committees），如學生生活、學術、校園活動、學生群體認可等，每個委員會有主席一名（這些主席也是上述執行委員會成員），並可開放任命其他成員加入委員會工作 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=appointed%20to%20a%20position%20in,or%20volunteer%20at%20a%20GSG))。例如，USG內有**學生團體認可委員會（Student Groups Recognition Committee, SGRC）**，與學校學生事務處合作審核新興學生組織的成立申請 ([SGRC</p> - Princeton USG](https://usg.princeton.edu/club-approval#:~:text=SGRC%3C%2Fp%3E%20,help%20groups%20of%20motivated))。另外還設有專人負責財務、通信、IT等職能，以支持整個學生政府運作 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=appointed%20to%20a%20position%20in,or%20volunteer%20at%20a%20GSG))。任何學生都可以透過參加每週公開的參議會會議、申請委員會成員、或向已在USG中的成員提交想法來參與 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=appointed%20to%20a%20position%20in,or%20volunteer%20at%20a%20GSG))。

- **班級學生政府：** 除全校性的USG參議院外，普林斯頓強調**年級（Class）**作為學生歸屬感的重要單位 ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=Class%20Governments%20,Juniors%2C%20Seniors))。每屆年級都有自己的班級學生會（如大一、大二...大四各有），選舉產生班級主席、副主席、財務、秘書、社交主席等幹部 ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=activities.%20,Undergraduate%20Students%20serves%20in%20an))。班級學生會主要負責組織年級內活動，打造班級凝聚力，以及承辦例如畢業相關傳統活動（高年級負責畢業舞會、畢業歡送等） ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=Class%20Officers))。班級學生會與USG參議院協同運作：班級幹部常同時是USG參議院成員或觀察員，確保年級聲音在全校議題中被聽見，而USG的資源也下達年級層級開展工作。

總體而言，普林斯頓USG體系將**全校代表制**與**班級自治**相結合。USG亦有自身憲章與章程，並在學生事務處的指導下運行（學生事務處在顧問角色上提供建議和連繫） ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=community,advisory%20capacity%20to%20the%20USG)) ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=treasurer%2C%20secretary%20and%20social%20chair,capacity%20to%20the%20class%20governments))。此外，普林斯頓設有**普林斯頓大學社群理事會（Council of the Princeton University Community, CPUC）**，這是一個由校長主持、師生職員校友共同組成的高層論壇，討論大學重大政策 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Alumni%20Trustee,of%20the%20University%20is%20the))。CPUC中包括**12名本科生代表**（其中自動包含USG正副主席，以及每年四月全校選出的10名學生） ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=CPUC%20examines%20and%20makes%20recommendations,of%20the%20University%20is%20the))。USG主席也擔任CPUC執行委員會成員之一 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=president%2C%20the%20council%20is%20composed,two%20graduate))。透過這種機制，USG的領導直接參與大學决策諮詢，確保學生觀點在**校級治理**中被納入考量。

**與校方合作方式：** 普林斯頓USG與校方的合作十分制度化。首先，**校方官方承認並支持USG的代表地位**，將其視為行政決策與學生意見之間的正式橋樑 ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=Dedicated%20to%20the%20philosophy%20that,advisory%20capacity%20to%20the%20USG))。學生事務處（ODUS）會指派副院長級的職員（如引用中的Ian Deas即為學生事務副院長）擔任USG的顧問，確保活動符合學校政策，並為學生領袖提供指導 ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=athletics%20and%20constructive%20dialogue%20on,campus))。其次，USG高層（總統、副總統等）**定期與大學領導開會**，如與校長、教務長等討論學生關注的議題。透過CPUC等平臺，學生領袖能直接就學術政策、預算優先事項、校園規範等向校方高層表達意見 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Alumni%20Trustee,of%20the%20University%20is%20the))。例如，CPUC下設的**優先事項委員會**每年向董事會建議預算分配，而學生代表也參與其中，共同決定學校資源投向 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Students%20can%20run%20for%20office,its%20students%2C%20faculty%20and%20administration))。又如**校規與紀律委員會（Rights and Rules Committee）**制定校規時，也有學生參與表決 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Students%20can%20run%20for%20office,its%20students%2C%20faculty%20and%20administration))。

在日常層面，USG各委員會在開展專案時常與對應行政部門合作。例如USG與**校園心理輔導中心（CPS）**協調推進心理健康服務改革 ([Princeton USG](https://usg.princeton.edu/#:~:text=%2A%20))；與餐飲服務部門洽談校園用餐計畫；與保衛處商討校園安全等 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=The%20Dining%20Policy%20Director%20is,transparent%20and%20equitable%20dining%20policies)) ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=The%20Health%20and%20Accessibility%20Policy,accessibility%20services%2C%20and%20public%20safety))。這些合作通常以定期會議或聯合工作小組形式展開，而非單方面抗爭。當學生會提出政策建議（比如延長課間休息時間等），往往**先在參議院內審議通過聲明**，再提交給校方相關委員會/部門研議執行 ([USG hears proposal on extended passing periods, CJL response to ...](https://www.dailyprincetonian.com/article/2024/04/princeton-news-stlife-usg-meeting-passing-periods-antisemitism-report#:~:text=USG%20hears%20proposal%20on%20extended,from%2010%20to%2015))。校方也傾向於認可學生會的建設性建議。例如在一次提案中，USG參議院**一致通過**呼籲將上下課之間的走堂間隔從10分鐘延長至15分鐘，以減輕學生趕課壓力 ([USG hears proposal on extended passing periods, CJL response to ...](https://www.dailyprincetonian.com/article/2024/04/princeton-news-stlife-usg-meeting-passing-periods-antisemitism-report#:~:text=USG%20hears%20proposal%20on%20extended,from%2010%20to%2015))。對此，教務部門積極回應學生呼聲。可見，USG與校方的互動是**良性循環**：學生提出務實建議，校方評估採納，並將功勞部分歸於學生倡議之成果。

**具體貢獻：** 普林斯頓USG在提升學生福祉和影響校政方面成果豐碩，以下舉幾例說明：

- **學術與日程政策：** USG成功推動了**學期考試與作業日程的改革**。在前任USG主席 Avi Attar 帶領下，學生會向校方倡議調整學術行事曆，最終落實了期末考核的**分散錯峰進行**（staggered final assignments），避免學生在同一時間承受過多考試/繳交作業壓力 ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=During%20Attar%27s%20leadership%2C%20the%20USG,and%20constructive%20dialogue%20on%20campus))。這顯示學生會有能力影響學校教務安排，使之更人性化、更符合學生利益。

- **心理健康與福利：** USG與校方聯手改進**心理健康資源**。在Attar任內，USG與大學行政部門合作，**增加心理諮詢人員編制、引入遠程心理健康諮詢服務**，並成功爭取**降低學生尋求心理醫療的自付費用** ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=During%20Attar%27s%20leadership%2C%20the%20USG,and%20constructive%20dialogue%20on%20campus))。這些措施有效降低了學生獲取心理健康服務的門檻。USG現任參議院也將心理健康列為首要議程之一，持續倡議擴大CPS（心理輔導中心）的服務容量與品質，並要求校方公開報告現狀以加強透明度與問責 ([Princeton USG](https://usg.princeton.edu/#:~:text=%2A%20))。

- **多元與社群建設：** USG致力於營造包容多元的校園文化。例如USG參議院的使命宣言中特別強調**傾聽並慶祝學生多樣的思想和背景** ([Princeton USG](https://usg.princeton.edu/#:~:text=We%20envision%20a%20dynamic%20community,our%20community%20as%20a%20whole))。在實踐上，USG組織了許多**藝術、體育和跨文化對話活動**，旨在通過學生共同參與的經驗來加強社群紐帶 ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=During%20Attar%27s%20leadership%2C%20the%20USG,and%20constructive%20dialogue%20on%20campus))。Attar主導下舉辦的一系列活動就以“透過藝術、體育和建設性對話促進強大的社群歸屬感”為宗旨 ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=During%20Attar%27s%20leadership%2C%20the%20USG,and%20constructive%20dialogue%20on%20campus))。此外，USG還積極支持校內各少數群體組織的倡議，例如倡議設立專門空間或資源給予弱勢群體支持 ([Princeton USG (@princeton_usg) • Foto e video di Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/princeton_usg/?api=Top%2Bpartners%F0%9F%8E%88%2BStock%2BExchange%2Bwill%2Bcontinue%2Bto%2Buphold%2Bthe%2Bprinciples%2Bof%2Bprofessionalism%2C%2Bsecurity%2Band%2Binnovation%2Bto%2Bprovide%2Bhigh-quality%2Btrading%2Bservices%2Bto%2Binvestors.%2BWe%2Bare%2Bcommitted%2Bto%2Bcontinuously%2Bimproving%2Buser%2Bexperience%2C%2Bexpanding%2Bservice%2Bareas%2C%2Band%2Bproviding%2Binvestors%2Bwith%2Bmore%2Bdiversified%2Band%2Bintelligent%2Btrading%2Boptions.%2BChoose%2BTop%2Bpartners%2Band%2Byou%2Bwill%2Bembark%2Bon%2Ba%2Bjourney%2Bof%2Bsuccess%2Bwith%2Bthe%2Bworld's%2Btop%2Binvestors!%2BTogether%2Bwith%2Byou%2C%2Bwe%2Bcan%2Brealize%2Byour%2Bcareer%2Bdreams.Top%2Bpartners.pokx&hl=it#:~:text=Princeton%20USG%20,more%21%20We%20love%20staying))。這些舉措在塑造更具包容性的校園氛圍方面功不可沒。

- **資源分配與服務：** USG管理和分配學生活動資金，為各類學生組織提供支持，同時也直接為學生提供服務項目。例如，USG與普林斯頓學生健康計劃合作為學生提供本地商家折扣，或推出校園流動巴士服務等，方便學生生活 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Two%20class%20senators%20from%20each,GSG))。在財務方面，USG每年透過**優先事項委員會**向學校董事會提出預算分配建議，確保學生相關的項目（如圖書館時間延長、宿舍維修等）在學校預算中得到重視 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Students%20can%20run%20for%20office,its%20students%2C%20faculty%20and%20administration))。這意味著USG不僅花錢，還參與學校“怎麼花錢”的討論。

- **高層治理參與：** 前述CPUС機制下，USG領袖直接參與大學治理議題，這本身也是重要成果。透過學生在CPUC及其各委員會的積極表現，**學生觀點成功融入校董會決策**。例如每年校董會審議學費和收費政策前，學生代表已在CPUC中提出意見，使最終決策更顧及經濟弱勢學生的承受能力 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=The%20Trustees%20of%20Princeton%20University%2C,The)) ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Alumni%20Trustee,of%20the%20University%20is%20the))。再如在校園行為規範制定時，學生代表的參與確保了規範條文考量學生合理權益（比如表達自由、集會權等）。

普林斯頓學生自治組織的顯著特點是**高度建設性與制度化的影響力**。正如普林斯頓學生事務副院長Ian Deas對USG前主席Attar的評價：“他讓學生的聲音得到公平代表，在困難情況下促進對話，並使USG能在大學各項優先事項中有意義的貢獻” ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=Ian%20Deas%2C%20associate%20dean%20of,%E2%80%9D))。這充分印證了USG通過與校方順暢合作，為學生群體帶來實質改變。

## 哥倫比亞大學（Columbia College Student Council 等）

**核心精神與理念：** 哥倫比亞大學本部的本科體系較為複雜，不同學院有各自的學生會。其中**哥倫比亞學院學生議會（Columbia College Student Council, CCSC）**是規模最大的本科生自治組織之一，代表文理學院（Columbia College）學生。CCSC的使命宣言指出：學生議會的存在是為了**服務哥倫比亞學院全體本科生**，具體來說，他們**組織並資助校園生活活動、參與並促成大學政策的改變、管理學生經費分配，並與學生群體保持持續且充分的溝通** ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=CCSC%20is%20here%20to%20serve,communication%20with%20the%20student%20body))。CCSC被學生賦予作為**首要代表、倡導者和聯絡人**的角色，連結學生與校內行政、教師、校友以及更廣泛的社區 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=The%20students%20of%20Columbia%20College,to%20foster%20cohesiveness%20within%20the))。它的宗旨涵蓋**蒐集並表達學生意見、積極回應學生關切、保障學生知情權、負責且公平地分配學生活動資金，以及與其他學生組織協作舉辦全院活動以促進本科生凝聚力** ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=The%20students%20of%20Columbia%20College,within%20the%20entire%20undergraduate%20population))。整體理念和其他常春藤院校相似，即**代表學生、服務學生、改善學生經驗**，並強調與多方協作。

**運作方式：** 以CCSC為例，其組織結構包含**執行內閣、委員會以及年級代表**等：

- **執行內閣（Executive Board）**：通常包括主席、副主席、秘書長、財務長等核心職位，由全院學生選舉產生。他們統籌學生會各項職責，例如主席領導整個議會並對外代表學生，副主席協助管理內務等。每位執行成員還兼任一個委員會的負責人，以發揮領導作用 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=CCSC%20has%20four%20committees%20each,Anyone%20can%20join%20these%20committees))。

- **常設委員會：** CCSC設有四個主要委員會——**政策委員會、財務委員會、傳訊委員會、校園生活委員會**——各由一名執行內閣成員擔任主任 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=CCSC%20has%20four%20committees%20each,Anyone%20can%20join%20these%20committees))。
- 政策委員會負責研究並推動與學院或全校政策相關的議題，協調倡議以最佳方式為學生發聲 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=Policy%C2%A0advises%20and%20guides%20it%20members,currently%20headed%20by%20Chukwuma%20Orji))。
- 財務委員會掌管學生活動費的預算與撥款，監督俱樂部資金申請（例如透過聯合學生會委員會JCCC審批社團撥款） ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=Finance%C2%A0handles%20the%20allocation%20of%20student,currently%20headed%20by%20Mariam%20Jallow))。
- 校園生活委員會著重策劃活動、改善學生生活設施等。
- 傳訊委員會則負責對內對外信息溝通，確保學生知悉議會工作。
**重要的是，這些委員會向**全體學生開放參與**，任何有興趣的哥倫比亞學院學生都可以加入委員會工作，協助項目並在會議中發聲** ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=CCSC%20has%20four%20committees%20each,Anyone%20can%20join%20these%20committees))。此舉大大擴展了學生參與面，使學生自治不僅局限於民選代表，而成為更廣泛的集體合作。

- **代表和會議制度：** CCSC由各年級選出的代表以及各宿舍/學院代表組成（哥倫比亞大學本科由Columbia College、工程學院SEAS、通識教育學院GS等多個學院組成，每個學院和年級都有相應代表在自己的議會中）。CCSC每週召開全體會議（例如**每週日晚上8點在Lerner Hall**），這些會議對所有學生公開，並記錄會議紀要供查閱 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=CCSC%20Meeting%20Times%20and%20Locations))。代表們在會議上報告委員會進展、提出動議並投票決策。學生若關注特定議題也可列席發言或提出請願。

此外，哥倫比亞大學整體還有一個跨學院的**大學參議院（University Senate）**，包含學生、教師、行政人員和校友代表。參議院轄下的**學生事務委員會**專門討論全校範圍內的學生關切議題 ([Meet the undergraduate student council presidents for the 2024-25 ...](https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2024/10/06/meet-the-undergraduate-student-council-presidents-for-the-2024-25-academic-year/#:~:text=,plan%20events%2C%20and%20communicate))。本科生議會通常會推舉或選出若干學生參議員加入大學參議院，使學生聲音在更高決策層級上得到表達。

**與校方合作方式：** 哥倫比亞的學生自治組織同樣強調**合作而非對抗**的路線，體現在多方面：

- **正式職責定位：** 學生議會被官方認定為學生與學校管理層之間的**聯絡人和倡導者** ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=The%20students%20of%20Columbia%20College,to%20foster%20cohesiveness%20within%20the))。這意味著校方在制定政策或處理學生事務時會主動徵求學生議會的意見，或將學生議會領袖納入討論。例如，CCSC被要求就學生生活政策變更提供諮詢建議，學生領袖也參加定期的行政會議，反映學生需求。學生議會還肩負**資訊橋樑**的責任，將校方重要資訊傳達給學生，同時將學生關切傳遞給校方，保持雙向溝通 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=Columbia%20University%20community%2C%20including%20its,within%20the%20entire%20undergraduate%20population))。

- **委員會合作：** 正如前述，CCSC政策委員會等常與校方部門接觸。例如在學術政策上，學生代表可能與教務處協商課程選擇、休假政策等；在校園基礎設施上，與學生事務處、設施管理處協調改善學生空間；在學生活動上，與校方活動辦公室合作舉辦大型活動等。這些合作通常是通過**聯合委員會或工作組**形式，讓學生和行政人員一起制定方案。

- **制度化對話機制：** 哥倫比亞大學透過University Senate提供了師生共同治理的平臺。學生議會領袖和其他學生代表在參議院中與校長、高級行政和教授代表同席討論全校議題，如學術日曆、學生心理健康、校園安全等。這種機制保證了學生與校方的對話**制度化且定期**，減少誤解和對立。有任何爭議事項，學生可以先在參議院或其委員會內通過討論、決議的方式表明立場，再由行政部門回應。

- **正式建議與請願：** 當學生有重大訴求時，學生自治組織通常採取**決議或請願**形式，然後遞交校方研議，而非訴諸對抗性手段。近期一個例子是：**哥倫比亞學院學生議會於2024-25學年初一致通過決議，呼籲學校在董事會中增設兩名學生理事席次**，以確保學生在最高治理層也有發言權 ([CCSC calls for appointment of students to Columbia's board of ...](https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2025/02/05/ccsc-calls-for-appointment-of-students-to-columbias-board-of-trustees/#:~:text=,the%20University%27s%20board%20of))。這項決議正式提交給校方和董事會考慮，校方也表示會就此進行討論。整個過程表現出學生會以理性倡議方式影響決策，而校方願意傾聽並評估可行性 ([CCSC calls for appointment of students to Columbia's board of ...](https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2025/02/05/ccsc-calls-for-appointment-of-students-to-columbias-board-of-trustees/#:~:text=,the%20University%27s%20board%20of))。此類合作遠比校內抗議更為有效且持久。

**具體貢獻：** 哥倫比亞各本科學生會（以CCSC為代表）在學生權益和校園文化上也有不少建樹：

- **政策影響：** 學生議會曾成功推動多項學校政策改進。例如在**學生參與學校治理**方面，CCSC多次倡議增強學生在決策中的角色。除了前述爭取學生董事席位的努力外，他們也支持哥倫比亞大學參議院學生委員的工作，促成校方在一些委員會中納入更多學生（如本科招生委員會有學生代表，學生活動費委員會由學生主導等）。在**資訊透明**方面，學生會要求校方更公開地通報影響學生的事項，確保學生知情權，這也成為他們使命的一部分 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=Columbia%20University%20community%2C%20including%20its,within%20the%20entire%20undergraduate%20population))。

- **經費分配與社團支持：** CCSC管理著哥倫比亞學院學生每學期繳納的活動費，通過財務委員會將資金**負責且公平地**分配給各學生組織和活動 ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=Columbia%20University%20community%2C%20including%20its,within%20the%20entire%20undergraduate%20population))。例如，每年都有大量學生團體向學生議會申請經費舉辦活動，CCSC依據規定審核撥款，支援了從學術研討會到文化節慶等豐富多樣的學生活動。這不僅充實了課外生活，也保障了學生自發組織的**權利與資源**。

- **學生服務與資源：** 哥倫比亞學生會推出了各種資源指南和服務項目。例如CCSC匯編**《學術資源》和《學生團體資源》**手冊，方便學生找到教學支持、職涯諮詢、俱樂部註冊、經費申請等信息 ([Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/#:~:text=,Contact%20Us)) ([Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/#:~:text=,Columbia%20College%20Events%20For%20Students))。還有**“職業道路計劃（Career Pathways）”**等項目幫助學生連接校友資源、了解不同行業機會 ([Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/#:~:text=,Contact%20Us)) ([Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/#:~:text=,Contact%20Us))。這些舉措從學生角度出發，補充了校方官方資源的不足。

- **校園文化與活動：** CCSC每年舉辦眾多**校園活動和傳統慶典**來塑造學院文化。例如迎新活動、期中釋壓活動、舞會、畢業歡送等，都有學生會的策劃參與。透過這些活動，學生會在增進不同背景學生交流、培養歸屬感方面發揮了積極作用。此外，CCSC也曾與其他三個本科學生會（工程學院、通識教育學院、巴納德學院）**聯合舉辦全校性活動**或聯合倡議，體現跨院合作精神 ([What to expect from your student councils - Columbia Daily Spectator](https://www.columbiaspectator.com/2010/08/30/what-expect-your-student-councils/#:~:text=What%20to%20expect%20from%20your,Learned%20Foote%2C%20CC%20%2711))。

- **倡導與維權：** 當學生群體面臨挑戰時，學生自治組織會作為代言人站出來。例如在疫情期間，學生會向校方爭取更靈活的**課程評分政策（如選擇及格/不及格制）**以及學費減免措施，減輕學生壓力。再如針對學生關注的**精神健康問題**，CCSC與校方的心理健康工作組合作，引入**線上心理諮詢服務**以擴大覆蓋 ([Columbia Health expands with more staff, new telehealth ...](https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2023/10/04/columbia-health-expands-with-more-staff-new-telehealth-partnership-after-student-demands-for-better-mental-healthcare/#:~:text=Columbia%20Health%20expands%20with%20more,with%20a%20virtual%20mental))（哥倫比亞後來增加了心理諮詢人手並與遠程諮詢平臺合作 ([Columbia Health expands with more staff, new telehealth ...](https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2023/10/04/columbia-health-expands-with-more-staff-new-telehealth-partnership-after-student-demands-for-better-mental-healthcare/#:~:text=Columbia%20Health%20expands%20with%20more,with%20a%20virtual%20mental))）。這些都與學生會的持續倡導分不開。

總的來說，哥倫比亞大學的學生自治組織肩負著**溝通橋樑和積極倡導**的雙重職責。在理念上，他們秉持服務與合作的精神；在運作上，通過開放委員會和定期會議來凝聚學生參與；在與校方關係上，充分利用正式渠道進行協商對話而非對抗；在成效上，既帶動了政策進步也豐富了學生生活。他們的努力使學生更有**主人翁意識**，也令校方決策更貼近學生需求，為常春藤盟校學生自治提供了生動範例。

**結語：** 綜觀上述常春藤盟校的學生自治組織案例，可以發現幾個共通要點：第一，**核心精神**均圍繞代表學生利益、服務校園共同體並培養學生領導力；第二，**組織運作**上日趨專業化和開放化，通過明確架構和廣泛參與提高效率與代表性；第三，**與校方合作**取代對立，學生參與學校治理體系被制度化，形成定期溝通機制；第四，他們的**具體貢獻**體現在政策改革（學術、財務、福利等）、資源分配、活動文化建設等方面，直接改善了學生的受教育體驗。這些經驗表明，當學生自治組織能夠有效運行並與校方順暢合作時，校園將朝著更包容、更以學生為本的方向發展，學生也真正成為大學社群的積極合作者與建構者。

**參考資料：**

- 【20】Harvard Undergraduate Council的官方介紹，說明其成立宗旨在於代表學生、倡導學生權益並資助學生活動 ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=Founded%20with%20the%20purpose%20of,65)) ([Harvard Undergraduate Council - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Undergraduate_Council#:~:text=The%20council%20was%20responsible%20for,66))。
- 【14】Harvard Magazine報導，描述哈佛學生政府改革後的新架構（共同主席+七個專責團隊）及其直接行動取向 ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=The%20leadership%20of%20the%20HUA%2C,on%20issues%20like%20shopping%20week)) ([Harvard’s Undergraduate Council Kerfuffle | Harvard Magazine](https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/04/harvard-s-undergraduate-council-kerfuffle#:~:text=argued%20that%20cutting%20the%20number,on%20issues%20like%20shopping%20week))。
- 【24】Harvard Crimson新聞，列舉HUA在首學期取得的成果（如預算提升10%、資助程序更高效、公平）及領導人關於採取實際行動的表述 ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=This%20semester%2C%20the%20HUA%20successfully,UC%E2%80%99s%20allocation%20the%20previous%20year)) ([‘Growing Pains’: Harvard Undergraduate Association’s First Semester Draws Mixed Reviews | News | The Harvard Crimson](https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/12/2/hua-inaugural-semester-mixed-reviews/#:~:text=Estabine%20said%20while%20the%20UC,direct%20action%20on%20campus%20issues))。
- 【27】耶魯學院官方網站對YCC的說明，包括YCC的使命宣言強調在政策、權益、組織資助和團結校園方面的角色 ([Yale College Council | Yale College](https://yalecollege.yale.edu/communities/student-leadership/yale-college-council#:~:text=The%20Mission%20statement%20for%20the,YCC%29%20states))。
- 【32】YCC歷史檔案，提及YCC成立以來促成的若干重要政策變革（線上課程評價、經援改革、混住宿舍開放、心理健康服務擴充等) ([History (Copy) — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/history-1#:~:text=The%20Yale%20College%20Council%20,both%20policy%20and%20event%20planning)) ([History (Copy) — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/history-1#:~:text=In%20the%202013,summer%20income%20contribution%3B%20and%20more))。
- 【31】Yale Daily News專訪當屆YCC領袖，報導YCC通過的學生政策提案以及領袖將如何與校方**協商推行**，並強調他們與行政部門建立合作關係的目標 ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=This%20past%20Sunday%2C%20the%20Yale,plan%20points%20by%20100%20points)) ([YCC leaders dive into new year ready to advocate for the student body - Yale Daily News](https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2024/09/18/ycc-leaders-dive-into-new-year-ready-to-advocate-for-the-student-body/#:~:text=As%20YCC%20leaders%2C%20Papathanasopoulos%20and,student%20body%20with%20the%20administration))。
- 【28】耶魯學院學生會網站，介紹YCC結構（行政、參議院、活動三分支）及主要職責，特別說明主席作為學生與校方之間主要聯絡人，定期與校長和院長會晤 ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=The%20President%20of%20the%20Yale,College%2C%20and%20other%20University%20officials)) ([Structure — Yale College Council](https://www.ycc.yale.edu/structure-1#:~:text=The%20Vice%20President%20is%20responsible,manager%20of%20the%20Policy%20Branch))。
- 【36】普林斯頓大學可持續發展報告中關於學生參與治理的描述，列出USG選舉制度、參與途徑以及學生在校級委員會（如CPUC、董事會）的代表情況 ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Princeton,These%20positions)) ([Governance |
Princeton University | Scorecard | Institutions | STARS Reports
](https://reports.aashe.org/institutions/princeton-university-nj/report/2015-03-13/PA/coordination-planning-governance/PA-3/#:~:text=Alumni%20Trustee,of%20the%20University%20is%20the))。
- 【35】普林斯頓大學學生事務處官網，說明USG的哲學是讓學生直接參與決策，並將USG定位為學生與校方、董事溝通的主要代表機制 ([Undergraduate and Class Government | The Office of the Dean of Undergraduate Students](https://odus.princeton.edu/activities/governance#:~:text=Dedicated%20to%20the%20philosophy%20that,advisory%20capacity%20to%20the%20USG))。
- 【38】普林斯頓大學新聞網報導，講述USG前主席Avi Attar獲獎事蹟，指出他任內USG**成功爭取**了學術日程調整（錯峰期末考）、改善心理健康服務（增加資源、降低費用）、並舉辦一系列促進校園社群的活動 ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=During%20Attar%27s%20leadership%2C%20the%20USG,and%20constructive%20dialogue%20on%20campus))。同篇中學生事務副院長對他領導USG促進校方與學生對話、在大學事務中有意義貢獻的評價也凸顯了學生會與校方合作的良好成果 ([Pyne Prize awarded to Princeton Class of 2025 members Jennifer Nwokeji and Avi Attar](https://www.princeton.edu/news/2025/02/18/pyne-prize-awarded-princeton-class-2025-members-avi-attar-and-jennifer-nwokeji#:~:text=Ian%20Deas%2C%20associate%20dean%20of,%E2%80%9D))。
- 【44】哥倫比亞學院學生議會官網，載明CCSC的使命（代表和服務學生、組織活動、參與政策、管理資金、溝通意見等）及其運作方式（每週會議、四大委員會向所有學生開放參與） ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=CCSC%20is%20here%20to%20serve,communication%20with%20the%20student%20body)) ([About Columbia College Student Council 23-24 | Columbia College Student Council](https://studentcouncil.college.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-college-student-council-23-24#:~:text=CCSC%20has%20four%20committees%20each,Anyone%20can%20join%20these%20committees))。
- 【45】哥倫比亞每日觀察者報導（摘錄），提到CCSC在2024-25學年初**一致通過决議**，支持在大學董事會中增設兩名學生受託人席位，以加強學生在最高決策層的參與 ([CCSC calls for appointment of students to Columbia's board of ...](https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2025/02/05/ccsc-calls-for-appointment-of-students-to-columbias-board-of-trustees/#:~:text=,the%20University%27s%20board%20of))。該例證明學生會以正式決策建議方式倡導變革，並非對抗而是通過建議爭取校方考量。