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--- title: 【開源概論】各面向資料及問題整合 tags: edu, --- # 【開源概論】各面向資料及問題整合 g0v 揪松團零時小學校近期在規劃給初踏開源領域者的「開源概論」課程時,聽到幾個來自初踏者的回饋與疑問,例如「想用開源,但感覺開源會限制設計上的美感?」等疑惑,因此想要邀請廣大的社群夥伴們,一起共筆這份文件,分享你心中或你曾耳聞的疑惑,又或者分享你認為開源可以分享哪些面向,讓開源能夠更容易被理解與實踐。此份共筆也將幫助 g0v 零時小學校社群講師設計出更適合開源初學者的課程。 ## 對開源的疑惑 ==1. 開源是否會限制介面的設計,感覺會比較不好看== - 中央政府總預算視覺化方案,也可以變成地方政府總預算 - [中央政府總預算視覺化方案](https://budget.g0v.tw/budget) - 從違章工廠平台到黑熊通報系統,開發經驗與程式碼的延續 - [農地工廠回報](https://disfactory.tw/) - [透明足跡PLUS](https://hackmd.io/@chengh/SkYHa65nO/%2FuOjA9O3qQZm5VW47X83Ngw) - [大家來找廠](https://spot.disfactory.tw/) - [熊出沒通報系統](https://hackmd.io/k9v9qVSBRNGUv0rnJcUphQ?view) ==2. 開源除了程式碼開源,連會議記錄、資料庫、文字、圖片等等都要開源嗎?== - 程式碼開源 - 放哪裡? - 如何宣告版權 - 哪些部分可以保留? ==3. 開源有很多種模式,例如 CC-BY,不太清楚要選擇哪一種== - CC 授權 - 介紹工具,讓聽眾之後也可以使用此工具,來挑選 cc 授權,g0v開放授權小幫手 https://g0v.github.io/cchelper/ - Google 搜尋 cc 授權的圖片 [用 "g0v" 關鍵字搜尋 CC 授權圖片](https://www.google.com/search?q=g0v&tbm=isch&tbs=il:cl&hl=zh-TW&sa=X&ved=0CAAQ1vwEahcKEwiY9P2Nx534AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&biw=1899&bih=881) - [CC0免費圖庫搜尋引擎](https://cc0.wfublog.com/) - [irasutoya](https://www.irasutoya.com/) ## 開源可以談哪些面向呢? 1. 程式碼開源,但服務/維運/技術支援採付費模式的產業生態系統 2. 喜歡某個產品,成為員工修改完Bug之後離職的故事 3. 技術堆疊的成分分析 4. 靠律師敲門才活下去的公司以及用了他們的程式語言等著被敲門的我們 5. 何時回饋社群?回饋的方式? 6. 多元競合的開源生態 fork 不只是叉子,當岔路越走越遠 7. 碼閉源,但思想釋放公領域 8. 如果政府IT委外,程式碼開源,會發生什麼事? 9. 開源遊說 ## 分享案例 1. Bootstrap * [Bootswatch](https://bootswatch.com/) 專門為 Bootstrap 架構的布景、主題(themes) * [Bootsnipp](https://bootsnipp.com/) 專門為 Bootstrap 架構的擴充樣式、分享元件的網站 * [w3schools bootstrap](https://www.w3schools.com/bootstrap/bootstrap_ver.asp) 教學 2. [Jitsi Meet](https://jitsi.org/projects/) 3. [Bootstrap SVG Icons](https://icons.getbootstrap.com/) * 全新的 Bootstrap 5 Icons 是不限定綁在 Bootstrap 5 下,而是可以獨立引入的套件。 * SVG 的內容屬開源前端技術,就如HTML、CSS一樣,我們可以讀取原始代碼。 4. 前端框架的大冒險 :::info ##### ==開源或免費== * Chart.js * D3.js * uvCharts (base on D3.js) * plotly.js (base on D3.js) * Plottable (base on D3.js) * Rickshaw (base on D3.js) * Google Charts(免費使用,只允許線上Library) * EJSCharts * vis.js * Flotr2 * RGraph * Morris.js * Ember Charts * n3-charts * AwesomeChartJS * Chartist.js * ChartKick.js * Flot ##### ==商業授權,但有限度免費== * Highcharts(其中非營利之免費版有浮水印) * ZingChart(其免費版有浮水印) * Fusioncharts(其無限期試用版有浮水印) * AmCharts(其免費版有浮水印) * CanvasJs(提供30天試用版) * AnyCharts(提供試用版) ##### ==評估方式== * Open Source 且完全免費,包括商業上的使用 * 可使用 JavaScript 開發 * 能與 JSON 良好整合 * 有支援 HTML5 * 有支援 Responsive 響應式設計 * 有支援商業上常用的長條圖、圓餅圖、折線圖、雷達圖等 * 可以支援 Animation 動畫展示效果 * 圖形 UI 有提供使用者互動性效果 * 函式庫本身 API 具備整體性設計或是注重語法一致性 ::: 5. [PcMan BBS Reader](https://pcman.ptt.cc/) 6. 開源字體 * [隨峰體](https://cjkfonts.io/blog/ThePeakFont)是一款香港人阿坤創作的免費中文手寫字型 * [jf open 粉圓](https://justfont.com/huninn/) * [源泉圓體](https://github.com/ButTaiwan/gensen-font) * [思源黑體](https://github.com/adobe-fonts/source-han-sans/blob/master/README-TW.md)由於思源黑體是開源字體,人人都可自由修改並發佈,因此衍生了基於思源黑體的字體,提供不同的字體風格、字形標準、螢幕顯示優化、檔案格式等,補全官方版本的不足。 7. [開放可樂](https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%8F%AF%E6%A8%82)OpenCola

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