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--- title: "開放政體:拆政府原地重建" tags: opengov --- # 開放政體:拆政府原地重建 ## 緣起 - 關於政府與人民的願景模式 ([截圖來源](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HURMy0l4Ck)) ![](https://g0vhackmd.blob.core.windows.net/g0v-hackmd-images/upload_e31140d50b239ca93aeb0c28a3c7786b) - 目前:專家委員制,條文規畫,自我感覺良好,自己給自己出題目兼自己回答自己評分,講他一下也不行 - 回歸:==**解任務,協作,性能法規,共識辯論,及早發現及早治療,早點丟資料與念頭**== - 「政體-資料-研究-群眾-實業」: - **政體**建置資料 > 需要建構開放資料政策與訴求 ex [政府開放資料法](https://g0v.hackpad.tw/b6gTMfhXMYY) (初擬) > [name=che l] - **資料**構成研究 > 需要轉化議題研究本身,使以開放與協作的觀點來進行議題的梳理與研究 ex [EverStudy 開放研究](http://hackfoldr.org/everstudy/) > [name=che l] - **研究**動員群眾 > 研究的成果、研究的過程,感染、捲動了許多參與者 > [name=che l] - **群眾**支撐**實業/機構** > 透過組織過程、交流過程、規劃過程,凝聚群眾的意向與實踐能力 > [name=che l] - 群眾與研究與實業/機構,轉化既有政體治理模式 > 訴求組織行政的調整,形構開放政體與治理模式 > [name=che l] - [Open Government Partnership](http://www.opengovpartnership.org/) - Changing the Culture of Government [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ursu7GP85qs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ursu7GP85qs) - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bq_ZWl1ZXA0](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bq_ZWl1ZXA0) - Money, Politics and Transparency 開放政治體系宣言 [https://g0v.hackpad.com/pLVt54Va4gU](https://g0v.hackpad.com/pLVt54Va4gU) - 公眾參與市政:[https://g0v.hackpad.com/Fy5roPxroAg](https://g0v.hackpad.com/Fy5roPxroAg) - [The Open City](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEx1apBAS9A&feature=youtube_gdata_player) - [http://theopensourcecity.com/](http://theopensourcecity.com/) - [vTaiwan.tw](https://g0v.hackpad.com/aAkUCc44qRt) :[Rulemaking 2.0: Understanding and Getting Better Public Participation](http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1014&context=ceri) \- Farina, Cynthia R. and Newhart, Mary J., "Rulemaking 2.0: Understanding and Getting Better Public Participation" (2013). _Cornell e-Rulemaking Initiative Publications._ Paper 15. [http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/ceri/15](http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/ceri/15) - 地方大小事 [https://g0v.hackpad.com/avf6WlKFSij](https://g0v.hackpad.com/avf6WlKFSij) - [權力:基進觀點 Power: A Radical View,Second Edition](http://www.books.com.tw/products/0010347052) - Socail Physics,  p.193 摘「建立一門涵蓋個人差異和個人之間的關係、量化且有預測能力的社會科學,或許能戲劇性地改變政府官員、企業管理階層與公民的思考和行為方式。他們可以利用社群網絡誘因建立新的行為規範,而非仰賴監理罰則和市場競爭。想像一下這種政府決策方式:結合『紅氣球挑戰賽』技術(第七章)和群眾智慧(第二章),招募數千萬人為社會問題出謀獻策,並在數百萬場市民大會上爭取支持;這是有可能做到的,而且可能系統性地優於今天的決策機制。為了實現這種轉變,我們需要一套人人能懂、已實證比市場和階級的舊語言更有用的新語言和道理。我認為,社會物理學的語言---探索、參與、社會性學習,以及意念流測量等---有發揮這種作用的潛力。」 ### 對策/方式/機制 - Denmark’s National Association of Senior Citizens Councils - [http://danske-aeldreraad.dk/english/](http://danske-aeldreraad.dk/english/) - [Open Government Awards 2014 - 1st Place - Denmark](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9iQvuzqOqc) - [荷蘭還地於河(Room for the river)](http://www.ruimtevoorderivier.nl/english/room-for-the-river-programme/) / [中文介紹](http://www.oranjeexpress.com/2014/03/20/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%88%87%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%9A%84%E5%B0%8D%E8%A9%B1-%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%ADoverijssel-%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E8%A6%8F%E5%8A%83%E6%A1%88/) - [Crowdsourcing and Government](https://crowdgov.wordpress.com/) about governmental projects that incorporate crowdsourced data. - [設想開放市政府](https://g0v.hackpad.tw/--Fy5roPxroAg) - 大地遊戲,公眾議題,成果過程累計兼有可連結的開放格式 - [NGIS 2020](http://ngis.nat.gov.tw/1_5_1.aspx) - [循環圖](https://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1_AYWazW9FMLgNwfNj_och4r5nIMbhFyi2IhZpXyMxh8/edit):新民主制度的自我成長循環 vs g0v 產品線 ![](https://g0vhackmd.blob.core.windows.net/g0v-hackmd-images/upload_c971808768cfb147413ef80bb8e6a11f) - Crowdsourced Law - [vTaiwan](https://vtw.link/) - [文獻與案例](https://g0v.hackpad.tw/vTaiwan.tw--aAkUCc44qRt) - ParticipateDB 案例集:[http://www.participatedb.com/projects](http://www.participatedb.com/projects) \- Projects are the place where the rubber hits the road, where tools are put to the test. In this section we list some of the more noteworthy projects of the past few years that best illustrate the various use cases for each tool. ### 關於預算 - [中央總預算](https://g0v.hackpad.com/PycBHXfQPHM) - [產業轉型](http://hackfoldr.org/Transformation/) - [產業](https://g0v.hackpad.com/ygs2xdlFEg3)[「貢獻」評](https://g0v.hackpad.com/ygs2xdlFEg3)[估方法](https://g0v.hackpad.com/ygs2xdlFEg3) - [產業評估資料](https://g0v.hackpad.com/HeuXNumFdPj) - [科研補助資料](https://g0v.hackpad.com/BbV6OaFw9jV) - [參與式預算](https://www.facebook.com/groups/openbudget/) ### 思考 【掌握實情】:需要資料才知道世界的模樣、產官學人民經驗、第一線需求與課題、整體論而非簡單的化約論 ... 【政治權】:公務系統授權給公職人員決策、代議制、需要參與與徵詢 ... 【公共資源】:稅金、可匡列的預算、法規調整、業務部門計畫的投入 ... 幾個情境: - 參與式預算 / 參與式空間設計 → 將**預算服務的對象**,納入**預算決策的過程**中 - RegulationRoom → 針對一個**法規主題**,有公職人員的基本意見,希望納入產官學與多元利害關係人的意見,並且形成**法規共識與配套措施** - 荷蘭還河於地計畫 → 透過**長時間**且**面對面**的溝通過程,達成一個氣候變遷調適的土地利用政策 - ==**要如何評估適合的公民參與層次與平台?**== - 路平挖補馬路,回收大型傢俱,公共維生,設施維護 - 日常部門計畫,新法規的制定,需要在初期就進行多元的徵詢 - 固定要消化的預算,可以再想想以往的效益是否滿意,如不滿意,也可以廣徵意見 - ==**釐清「一位公民,到底要參與什麼層次的主題?」**== - 依照他的興趣導向,例如關心年長者的生活 - 戶籍導向、不動產產權所有人,參與該社區、鄰里的政治與公共事務 - 非本國籍、租戶、流動人口、不在籍者、未設籍的勞動人口,如何考量呢? - 公民參與事務討論,是否需要成為義務? - 既考量市政業務的內涵,也涵蓋城市人口戶籍社會特性,擬訂出市政公民參與的各種方案; - 例如有的方案強調所有權人,如公寓大廈管理條例;有的是實質居住者都應該共同參與;有的需要有議題教育學習的過程,配合著公民參與;也需要考量公務部門的業務能量與機關態度評估,例如貴單位是否操作過公民參與的活動 (說明會、聽證會、參與式政策...) ... - 讓業務執行單位選擇適合的公民參與架構,再進行修正

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