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--- tags: 零時防衛部 --- # 零時防衛部 mnd.g0v.tw Ministry of Nobody’s Defense CC BY 4.0 by g0v contributors ## Contributors (sign up here) - chihao - ... ## 這個專案目前想做些什麼? - 文獻回顧 - 貢獻開源 - 閒聊「國防」 ## 2021/3/20 hackath43n 3/17... ![](https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/g0v-hackmd-images/uploads/upload_2c0cc04a31dd854a0fab44218513d66d.png) https://ivod.ly.gov.tw/Play/VOD/127973/1M/N ![](https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/g0v-hackmd-images/uploads/upload_33b5bab6fe0ad8da48fc5a966d485de1.png) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CPIdHZcImHI ## 聽說混合戰也是去中心(多中心)? ![](https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/g0v-hackmd-images/uploads/upload_140fb19a6225e1c4b14957cb1a2c6c18.png) 2007 Hoffman https://www.potomacinstitute.org/images/stories/publications/potomac_hybridwar_0108.pdf ## 混合戰有定義嗎? 未有一個具體而廣泛被接受的定義。 The synchronized use of multiple instruments of power tailored to specific vulnerabilities across the full spectrum of societal functions to achieve synergistic effects. (CHW Cullen & Reichborn-Kjennerud, 2017) (mean - vulneralbility - effect) - 針對各關鍵功能領域的特定弱點 (PMESII) - 政治 - 軍事 - 經濟 - 社會 - 資訊 - 基礎建設 - 同步使用多種「權力工具」 (MPECI) - 軍事 - 政治 - 經濟 - 民間 - 資訊 - 效果非線性 - chihao: 因果關係並非 1-1⋯ - 非對稱 asymmetric - 強調創新、模糊、認知元素 - 低於偵測及回應門檻 (... tailored to remain below detection and response thresholds) MPECI / PMESII... https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09592318.2019.1682908 The impact of Artificial Intelligence on hybrid warfare Guilong Yan 2020 5 features - synergy - ambiguity - asymmetry - innovative disruption - battle over psychology https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/15755/thesis.pdf 2019 ## 各種戰⋯ ### 第 X 代戰爭 ==1-4== William S. Lind (building on Carl von Clausewitz) “...is asymmetric warfare fought by nonstate actors and by nonstate cultural groups, where asymmetric warfare and shadow wars are waged by nonstate actors and mercenaries for the political interests of aggressive states.” “...is fought with the tools of information and technology using cyberspace.” Fourth-generation warfare (4GW) is conflict characterized by a blurring of the lines between war and politics, combatants and civilians. Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth-generation_warfare ==5== Daniel H. Abbott “...is a war of perceptions.” ==4+5== https://www.sandiego.edu/law/academics/journals/ilj/?_focus=3225 ==6== Sixth Generation Warfare 斯里普琴科 ### 不對稱戰爭 Asymmetric warfare ### 非正規戰 Irregular warfare ### 超限戰 Unrestricted warfare 乔良 中国人民解放军空军少将 王湘穗 前中国人民解放军空军大校 1999 「超限戰」是與傳統戰爭不同的新戰爭手段,是以一切手段,超越傳統戰爭手段範圍的新型戰爭形式,除了傳統戰爭手段,同時也包括貿易戰、金融戰、新恐怖主義及生態戰。 https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20150502000737-260309?chdtv ### 三戰 輿論戰、心理戰、法律戰 2003 修訂《中國人民解放軍政治工作條例》 ### 統戰 ### 網路戰 ### 資訊戰 ## 從 Cofacts 學到的事 - 資訊透明 - 開放資料 - 跨領域協作 - 科學研究 ## 沒有人的國防 面對當代各種威脅,以公民的身分,研究、理解、防衛自己、社區、組織和公民社會。 ## 是要防衛什麼? - 民主!民主是啥? - 台灣主體性 - 台灣文化這個獨特而多元的混合體 - ? ## 有那些威脅? - 天災 - 傳染病 - 人為威脅 = 混合戰(?) - 經濟 - 外交 - 軍事 - 資訊 - ... ## 一些主題 - 軍機挑釁 - 填海造島 - 腐蝕資本 - 邦交國 - 阻擋國際參與 - 合法綁架 - 資安威脅 - 線上資訊操弄 - 產業滲透 - 宗教滲透 - 青年滲透 - 村里長滲透 - 兩岸論壇 ## 嘗試分類 - 領域 - 基礎建設 - 軍事 - 情報 - 外交、國際組織 - 貿易 - 金融、投資 - 產業 - 法律 - 中央政治、選舉 - 地方政治、選舉 - 宗教 - 文化、影視、娛樂、遊戲 - 網路、資訊空間、社交媒體 - 家庭 - 校園 - 創業、就業 - 威脅來源 - State - State-affiliated / state-sponsored - Non-state - 國家不一定是正規、非國家不一定是非正規 - 在地協力者或代理人 - State - State-affiliated / state-sponsored - Non-state - 形式 - 正規戰 <=> 非正規戰 - 軍事行動 <=> 叛亂、恐怖行動、組織暴力、犯罪失序行為 - 政治作戰、輿論戰、認知戰、心理戰 - 網路戰、資訊戰 - 組織 - 階層結構、去中心、網狀單元相互搭配 - 威脅工具 - 兩岸論壇 - 反分裂法 - 香港國安法 - 內容農場 - 社交媒體 - 惡意軟體 - 威脅行為 > Phases: Interference -> Influence -> Operation -> Warfare > Force: Priming -> Destablization -> Coersion - 招待旅遊 - 飛行器未經許可進入航空識別區 - 共機、襲來 https://g0v.hackmd.io/obcMtiEER4WvfXcOCtpoTQ - 填海造島 - 濫用群眾協作功能更改內容 - 發動威脅目的 = 改變目標的決策機制,符合自身利益 - 開放資料 - 研究方法、演算法 - 防衛行動 ## 對國家的行動建議 MDMC-CHW - 最少:自我關鍵功能弱點評量 - 加強威脅評估能力,必須特別考量針對特定弱點的同步攻擊 - 建立國家層級、同步、系統化的理解、偵測、反制行動 - 加強國際合作及協力 ## 參考 https://euhybnet.eu/hybrid-coe-and-the-european-commission-published-the-landscape-of-hybrid-threats/ CC BY 4.0 European Union and Hybrid CoE, 2020 台灣基進立委陳柏惟籲國防部:參考北約「混合戰應變中心」經驗、因應中國威脅 https://musou.watchout.tw/read/sObNTaS9Mj3tDNwxlsBq g0v HackMD/Hackpad 唯一「國防」文件 https://g0v.hackpad.tw/3gFowxO4N9F Conflict in the 21st Century: the Rise of Hybrid Wars Frank G. Hoffman 2007 https://www.potomacinstitute.org/images/stories/publications/potomac_hybridwar_0108.pdf Russian Sixth Generation Warfare and Recent Developments Jacob W. Kipp 2012 https://jamestown.org/program/russian-sixth-generation-warfare-and-recent-developments/ Chinese Hybrid Warfare Sergio Miracola 2018 https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/chinese-hybrid-warfare-21853 NATO Cyber Defense CoE https://ccdcoe.org/ EU Hybrid CoE https://www.hybridcoe.fi/ European Defence Agency https://eda.europa.eu/what-we-do/all-activities/activities-search/hybrid-warfare Hybrid war – does it even exist? Damien Van Puyvelde 2015 https://www.nato.int/docu/review/articles/2015/05/07/hybrid-war-does-it-even-exist/index.html https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/countering-hybrid-warfare-project-understanding-hybrid-warfare MCDC (NATO(ACT/OPEX) + countries) Countering Hybrid Warfare Project (UK) since 2016

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