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--- tags: Rentea --- # 優先續租權提案 文件授權: [CC-BY-4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.zh_TW) ## 要處理的面向與基本精神 1. 不只保障房客的權力,也要保留房東的合理利益,創造雙贏 2. 要件 1. 發動條件,如何符合續租資格的,例如 1. 乙方在承租期間,未違反契約相關規定 2. 乙方提出甲方合理利益的方案,例如漲跌幅、修繕規劃 3. 甲方的權力義務,違約的罰則 1. 建議事先載明違約罰則,簡化糾紛調解流程 4. 一定期限前告知 5. 續約的內容,以及例外條款 ## 提案草案 :::info 摘要:優先續租合約,目的是在保障承租人續租權利的情況下,也盡可能滿足出租人的需求。承租人若符合要件,包含提出新的修繕規劃,可要求續租至少三年,租金漲幅不得超過消費者物價指數增幅。若出租人未在四個月前簽訂新合約,承租人有權展延租期或要求搬遷成本。 ::: 1. 若承租人滿足以下要件,則出租人須在合約到期的四個月前,與承租人簽訂新的租賃契約: 1. 在合約期間內,承租人未違反契約中的相關義務,或是出租人終止租約之規定。 2. 承租人於合約到期的六個月前,提出新的承租契約提案。 3. 前項的承租契約提案,必須包含至少等值新台幣十萬元的修繕規劃,以維繫或增進此住宅的使用價值,由承租人負擔費用,並於契約期滿後,轉交給出租人擁有。 4. 若出租人另有更優先的修繕需求,且經承租人評估後,費用不超過前述修繕提議,則承租人須以出租人之修繕需求為優先。 2. 新簽訂之租賃契約,須符合以下要件: 1. 租賃期間至少三年,超過三年者,須雙方同意。 2. 租金漲幅,以前份契約至新契約生效期間,累計之消費者物價指數增幅為上限。消費者物價指數,以行政院主計總處公佈之資料為準。 3. 若出租人提早解約,須依比例,賠償承租人負擔之修繕費用。 4. 不屬於承租人造成的滲水、漏水情況,修繕費用由出租人負責;出租人延宕不處理,承租人有權代為修復,修繕費用由租金中扣除。 5. 因承租方裝修而導致的鄰居財產損失、怨訴成本,由承租方負責。 6. 上述要件,在雙方同意的前提下,均可調整。 3. 若滿足續租要件,但出租人未在四個月前,簽訂新的租賃契約,則為了讓承租人順利搬遷,承租人有權: 1. 以書面通知出租人,沿用原本的租約,並將租期展延 3-12 個月 2. 要求出租人負擔搬遷之成本,包含聘請搬家公司,以及搬離後的清潔、復原費用 ## 諮詢紀錄 ### 不具名法律背景友人 > 我花了一點時間研究續租契約,比較是去查法院判決。 > > 由於優先承租或續租本質上都是簽新的租約,房東會握有是否要繼續出租的決定權,僅是在決定出租時,現行出租人具有相同條件的優先簽約權利。我個人是比較期待房東有繼續出租的義務,但現行民法秩序好像並沒有類似的制度環境,我也沒找到類似的爭議。 > > 因此,我覺得目前的契約內容設計蠻好的,由於無法控制房東的出租條件,所以在原租賃契約中強化違約效果(包含原租賃契約的延長與類似違約金的搬遷復原成本負擔)來保障原租客有更好、也能夠預期的租賃條件在新的租約之中,是相當不錯的出發點,同時避免找新租處的時間壓力與費用負擔。 > > 我會有疑問的是,出租人提前解約的空間有多大?按民法規定,看起來出租人並沒有任何主動解約的權利,僅在〈住宅租賃定型化契約應記載及不得記載事項〉的約定事項中有提到「出租人為重新建築而必要收回」,其他都是可歸責於承租人的事由,但這並非一定要在契約中約定。所以,如果要給出租人有此事由或其他事由的主動解約空間,除了約定須依比例,賠償承租人負擔之修繕費用外,要不要進一步包含搬遷及復原的費用? ## 參考資料 1. [各國相關調查](https://g0v.hackmd.io/LhOfHvjLRy-GdjJSXfhbXg) 2. [要件提醒 - 【地產專欄】蔡志雄:創業前 租屋簽約一定要注意的3件事!](https://tw.stock.yahoo.com/news/%E3%80%90%E5%9C%B0%E7%94%A2%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84%E3%80%91%E8%94%A1%E5%BF%97%E9%9B%84%EF%BC%9A%E5%89%B5%E6%A5%AD%E5%89%8D-%E7%A7%9F%E5%B1%8B%E7%B0%BD%E7%B4%84%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%9A%E8%A6%81%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F-022442554.html) 3. [糾紛實務見解 - 店面租賃契約,有續約條款,合約到期房東不給續約](https://www.law110.com.tw/forum_content.aspx?pid=1291440) 4. [Google Gemini 諮詢紀錄](https://g.co/gemini/share/3876d4121e88) {%hackmd 1LO5rpavTiK4_cFrTouudg %}

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